“…The release of copper ions from the surface of the NPs, as well as the production ability of different ROSs such as O − 2 , HO 2 , OH, and H 2 O 2 causes to death of bacteria within water (Hassan et al, 2012). There have been reported similar results on the antimicrobial effect of synthesized CuO-NPs on different substrates, for example, polyvinyl alcohol (Chowdhury, Beg, Khan, & Mina, 2013), cotton fibers (Subramanian, AnuPriya, ThankaRajan, Dhandapani, & Jayachandran, 2014), silica film (Akhavan & Ghaderi, 2010), zeolite (Alswat, Bin Ahmad, Hussein, Ibrahim, & Saleh, 2017), and copper layer (Ekthammathat, Thongtem, & Thongtem, 2013). Figure 4c shows the plate cultures containing cultured bacteria from the contaminated water at different time intervals.…”