Copper vertical micro dendrite fin arrays and their superior boiling heat transfer capability

Biomimetic Copper Forest Wick Enables High Thermal Conductivity Ultrathin Heat Pipe

“…Two steps are involved in the fabrication process of the biomimetic copper forest wick structure: electrodeposition and sintering Figure S2 (see the Supporting Information) shows a sketch of the electrodeposition process.…”

“…The electrolyte solution was made up of 0.6 M CuSO 4 and 0.75 M H 2 SO 4 . During electrodeposition, an increasing linear current was supplied by a DC power supply (Maynuo 8800) for different durations to fabricate various copper forest samples. If the current is too large, honeycomb porous structures can be formed. − The copper forest samples were cleaned with deionized water and sintered in an atmospheric furnace with N 2 /H 2 gas to strengthen the wick structure.…”

“…Two steps are involved in the fabrication process of the biomimetic copper forest wick structure: electrodeposition and sintering. 56 Figure S2 (see the Supporting Information) shows a sketch of the electrodeposition process. The cathode was made from copper foils (Pinfan Hardware Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China) with a thickness of 0.1 mm and purity of 99.90%, whereas the anode contains a copper plate.…”

Porous surfaces with structural gradient: Enhancing boiling heat transfer and its application in phase-change devices

“…(a) 山脉状多孔表面 [11] ; (b) 3D多孔铜表面 [12] ; (c) 蜂窝 状多孔铜表面 [13] ; (d) 树林状多孔铜表面 [14] ; (e) 类窝状多孔镍表面 [15] ; (f) 蜂窝状微/纳多孔铜表面的沸腾曲线 [13] ; (g) 活化穴直径(D c )与壁面过热 度(ΔT w )的关系 [13] ; (h) 树林状多孔铜表面的沸腾曲线 [16] Figure 1 (Color online) The SEM images and boiling curves of several typical single-layer geometry gradient porous surfaces. (a) Mountain-like porous surface [11] ; (b) 3-D porous copper surface [12] ; (c) honeycomb-like porous copper surface [13] ; (d) forest-like porous copper surface [14] ; (e) honeycomb-like porous nickel surface [15] ; (f) boiling curve of honeycomb-like micro-nano porous copper surface [13] ; (g) relationship between the nucleation site diameter (D c ) and the wall superheat (ΔT w ) [13] ; (h) boiling curves of the forest-like copper surfaces [16] 临界热流密度提高3.7倍. Khan等人 El-Genk等人 [18] 、Li等人 [19] 、Furberg和Palm [20] 、 Xu等人 [21] 和Wang等人 [13,22,23] [24,25] : [14] .…”

“…(a) Mountain-like porous surface [11] ; (b) 3-D porous copper surface [12] ; (c) honeycomb-like porous copper surface [13] ; (d) forest-like porous copper surface [14] ; (e) honeycomb-like porous nickel surface [15] ; (f) boiling curve of honeycomb-like micro-nano porous copper surface [13] ; (g) relationship between the nucleation site diameter (D c ) and the wall superheat (ΔT w ) [13] ; (h) boiling curves of the forest-like copper surfaces [16] 临界热流密度提高3.7倍. Khan等人 El-Genk等人 [18] 、Li等人 [19] 、Furberg和Palm [20] 、 Xu等人 [21] 和Wang等人 [13,22,23] [24,25] : [14] . 我们也做了一系列不同 高度的样品, 并进行池沸腾实验, 相应的沸腾曲线如图 1(h)所示 [17] .…”