Core–shell microspheres with porous nanostructured shells for liquid chromatography

Abstract

The development of new stationary phases has been the key aspect for fast and efficient high-performance liquid chromatography separation with relatively low backpressure.Core-shell particles, with a solid core and porous shell, have been extensively investigated and commercially manufactured in the last decade. The excellent performance of core-shell particles columns has been recorded for a wide range of analytes, covering small and large molecules, neutral and ionic (acidic and basic), biomolecules and metabolites. In this review, we first introduce the advance and advantages of coreshell particles (or more widely known as superficially porous particles) against nonporous particles and fully porous particles. This is followed by the detailed description of various methods used to fabricate core-shell particles. We then discuss the applications of common silica core-shell particles (mostly commercially manufactured), spheres-on-sphere particles and core-shell particles with a non-silica shell. This review concludes with a summary and perspective on the development of stationary phase materials for high-performance liquid chromatography applications.

Flame spheroidisation of dense and porous Ca2Fe2O5 microspheres

“…in separation sciences. 3,4 Moreover, for biomedical applications, porous microspheres enable payloads (for drugs, cells, biologics etc.) to be incorporated on their surfaces or within the pores.…”

Synthesis and thermal stability of ZrO2@SiO2 core–shell submicron particles

“…Core-shell nano-and microparticles represent a novel class of functional materials with numerous prospective applications. For example, they are well-suited for applications in catalysis, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] high performance liquid chromatography, [8][9][10] as well as biomedical diagnosis and therapy. 6,7,[11][12][13][14][15] Furthermore, they are highly promising candidates for the development of advanced optical materials, which are needed, e.g., for thermophotovoltaic (TPV) systems, 16,17 photonic displays, 18 and structural coloration.…”

Functional Metal Organic Framework/SiO2 Nanocomposites: From Versatile Synthesis to Advanced Applications

“…Recently, superficially porous particles with a solid core and porous shell as the stationary phase for separation columns exhibited higher separation performance compared with only solid or porous materials [99,100,101,102]. Ahmed et al utilized silica microspheres modified with amino or carboxyl groups as the template core to synthesize copper-based HKUST-1 nanocrystals on them and finally obtained HKUST-1/SiO 2 microspheres with regular morphology [103].…”