Corneal Densitometry Assessed With Scheimpflug Camera in Healthy Corneas and Correlation With Specular Microscopy Values and Age

Karmiris, Efthymios; Soulantzou, Konstantina; Machairoudia, Genovefa; Ntravalias, Thomas; Tsiogka, Anastasia; Chalkiadaki, Evangelia

doi:10.1097/ico.0000000000002722

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Our perioperative data showed that the anterior layer had the highest densitometric values, followed by the stroma and the lowest endothelium. Similar tendencies were proven in the literature using a Pentacam, [12,13,17,18] confocal microscope [19,20], and scatterometer, [21] making our measured values more reliable.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In our study, we focused on assessing densitometry in the central 0–2 mm zone, as we examined the corneal endothelium in the central 0.25 mm*0.55 mm range. Recently, CD has been regarded as an objective and noninvasive tool to monitor corneal endothelial health [ 16 , 18 ]. Tekin and Karmiris found a correlation between CD and age and first investigated the correlation between densitometry and endothelial morphometry in healthy corneas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tekin and Karmiris found a correlation between CD and age and first investigated the correlation between densitometry and endothelial morphometry in healthy corneas. They found that regardless of age, CD in the posterior layer was inversely and significantly correlated with ECD, CV%, and HEX% [ 18 , 26 ]. The strong and negative correlation between age and ECD, which has already been proven in the literature, could explain the aforementioned results [ 26 – 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corneal densitometry: an innovative method to quantitatively evaluate corneal changes after phacovitrectomy

et al. 2023

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Background To quantitatively investigate corneal changes and the correlation between corneal densitometry (CD) and endothelial parameters after phacovitrectomy. Methods Thirty-eight eyes with idiopathic full-thickness macular holes (iFTMHs) and cataracts underwent phacovitrectomy. Examinations were conducted at baseline and Day 1, Day 7, Month 1, and Month 3 postoperatively. CD and central corneal thickness (CCT) were measured using Pentacam. Corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation (CV), and hexagonality (HEX) were measured using specular microscopy. Results ECD and HEX significantly decreased after surgery and the change in HEX occurred prior to CV. CCT increased immediately after surgery and recovered 3 months postoperatively. CD values increased significantly 1 day after surgery and then gradually decreased. For CD in the 0–2 mm zone, it took 1 month to recover in the central and posterior layers and 3 months in the anterior and total layers. For CD in the 2–6 mm zone, the central layer recovered at Day 7, the anterior and total layers recovered at 1 month, and the posterior layer did not recover until 3 months postoperatively. The CD within all layers in the 0–2 mm zone was positively correlated with CCT. Posterior CD in the 0–2 mm zone was negatively correlated with ECD and HEX. Conclusions CD is not only correlated with CCT, ECD, and HEX but also reflects the state of the whole cornea and each layer. CD can be an objective, rapid, and noninvasive tool that reflects corneal health and undetectable edema and monitors the process of lesion repair. Trial registration This study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (31/10/2021, ChiCTR2100052554).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corneal densitometry: an innovative method to quantitatively evaluate corneal changes after phacovitrectomy

et al. 2023

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“…It has been previously found that densitometry does not appear to correlate with either keratometry or refractive power [22]. Although an increase in corneal densitometry has been found in healthy eyes with age [32], the age analysis of the N and KC groups showed that the average densitometry was weakly correlated with age among the N group, but moderately correlated with age among the KC group. This may be linked to the severity of KC being more likely to be higher with age, as it is a progressive condition [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Investigation of How Corneal Densitometry Artefacts Affect the Imaging of Normal and Keratoconic Corneas

Alanazi,

Esporcatte,

White

et al. 2024

Bioengineering

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Purpose: To investigate corneal densitometry artefacts found in Pentacam Scheimpflug scans and their potential effect on assessing keratoconic (KC) corneas compared to normal (N) corneas. Methods: The current study utilises Pentacam data of 458 N eyes, aged 35.6 ± 15.8 (range 10–87), referred to as the “N group”, and 314 KC eyes, aged 31.6 ± 10.8 (range 10–72), referred to as the “KC group”, where densitometry data were extracted and analysed via a custom-built MATLAB code. Radial summations of the densitometry were calculated at diameters ranging from 0.5 mm to 5.0 mm. The minimum normalised radial summation of densitometry (NRSD) value and angle were determined at each diameter and then linked. KC cone locations and areas of pathology were determined, and a comparison between N and KC groups was carried out both within the averaged area of pathology and over the corneal surface. Results: Joining minimum NRSD trajectory points marked a clear distortion line pointing to the nasal-superior direction at 65° from the nasal meridian. The findings were found to be independent of eye laterality or ocular condition. Consistency was detected in the right and left eyes among both the N and KC groups. The location of the KC cone centre and the area of pathology were determined, and the densitometry output was compared both within the area of pathology and over the whole cornea. When the average densitometry was compared between N and KC eyes within the KC area of pathology, the N group recorded a 16.37 ± 3.15 normalised grey-scale unit (NGSU), and the KC group recorded 17.74 ± 3.4 NGSU (p = 0.0001). However, when the whole cornea was considered, the N group recorded 16.71 ± 5.5 NGSU, and the KC group recorded 15.72 ± 3.98 NGSU (p = 0.0467). A weak correlation was found between the Bad D index and NGSU when the whole measured cornea was considered (R = −0.01); however, a better correlation was recorded within the KC area of pathology (R = 0.21). Conclusions: Nasal-superior artefacts are observed in the densitometry Pentacam maps, and analysis shows no significant differences in their appearance between N or KC corneas. When analysing KC corneas, it was found that the cone positions are mostly on the temporal-inferior side of the cornea, opposite to the densitometry artefact NRSD trajectory. The analysis suggests that the corneal densitometry artefacts do not interfere with the KC area of pathology as it reaches its extreme in the opposite direction; therefore, weighting the densitometry map to increase the contribution of the inferior-temporal cornea and decreasing that of the superior-nasal area would improve the classification or identification of KC if densitometry is to be used as a KC metric.

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“…Previous studies have shown an increase in corneal densitometry with age in normal participants with the changes being attributed to the changes in endothelium with aging. 15,16 This study only included children with healthy corneas in the normal group; hence, no changes in corneal densitometry are expected to be found with age in this cohort.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corneal Densitometry to Assess the Corneal Cystine Deposits in Patients With Cystinosis

Biswas

Alzahrani

Radhakrishnan

2022

Cornea

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Purpose:The purpose of this study was to assess the suitability of corneal densitometry measurements obtained with Scheimpflug imaging in estimating the corneal changes caused by cystine deposits in the cornea in patients with cystinosis.Methods:Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam) was performed for 14 patients with cystinosis and 16 age-matched controls. Pentacam data were used for analysis of the corneal densitometry at different zones in the cornea for patients with cystinosis and controls. Densitometry measurements were compared with the corneal crystal scores obtained from the slitlamp images for patients with cystinosis.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in keratometry measurements between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Corneal thickness was found to be significantly higher in the control group when compared with the cystinosis group (P = 0.0004). The mean corneal densitometry was significantly higher in patients with cystinosis when compared with controls at most of the corneal layers and zones. The corneal densitometry readings for the right and left eyes showed moderate positive correlation with the corneal crystal score with a ceiling effect being reached at the maximum corneal crystal score of 3.Conclusions:Corneal densitometry obtained through Pentacam can be used as an objective estimate of the level of cystine crystals present in patients with cystinosis. The clinical estimate of corneal crystal score, although effective at low levels of crystal deposition, does not allow for accurate estimates of change when the level of crystal deposition is high leading to limited utility when assessing treatment effects. Hence, densitometry measurements can potentially be used to assess treatment efficacy of cystinosis treatments in clinical settings.

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Corneal Densitometry Assessed With Scheimpflug Camera in Healthy Corneas and Correlation With Specular Microscopy Values and Age

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Corneal densitometry: an innovative method to quantitatively evaluate corneal changes after phacovitrectomy

Corneal densitometry: an innovative method to quantitatively evaluate corneal changes after phacovitrectomy

Investigation of How Corneal Densitometry Artefacts Affect the Imaging of Normal and Keratoconic Corneas

Corneal Densitometry to Assess the Corneal Cystine Deposits in Patients With Cystinosis

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