Enzymes
are still indispensable for bio-assaying methods in biomolecule
detection by far. The unsatisfied long-term instability, high cost,
and susceptibility to the physical environment of natural enzymes
are obvious weak points. Here, we developed peroxidase-like heterostructured
nanozyme, vertically arraying molybdenum disulfide nanosheets on a
substrate layer of nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (MoS2/N-rGO), with a well-pleasing stability that is characterized
by the retained enzymatic activity and maintained structure after
2 years of casual storage at ambient temperatures or 80 cycles of
catalytic reaction. The catalytic kinetics of the as-prepared heterostructured
nanozyme was superior to some reported nanozymes and even horse radish
peroxidase, which was demonstrated due to the defect-rich MoS2 with Mo and S vacancies and nitrogen-doped rGO experimentally
and theoretically. The vertically heterostructured nanozyme exhibited
adequate analytical performance in sensitive and quantitative detection
of glucose and glutathione (GSH), with a large dynamic sensing range
and extremely low limit of detection (0.02 and 0.12 μM (3σ/slope)
for glucose and GSH, respectively). We hope this inspired artificial
nanozyme will contribute to the future development in sensitive detection
of other biomolecules in physiological conditions.