Correction to: Systematic Analysis of Emergent Collective Motion Produced by a 3D Hybrid Zonal Model

Mudaliar, Rajnesh K.; Zvezdin, Andrei V; Bratt, Geoffrey S.; Schaerf, Timothy M.

doi:10.1007/s11538-022-01008-4

Cited by 1 publication

(7 citation statements)

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We characterized the patterns of motion of entire groups via the order parameters of group polarization, O p , and group angular momentum, a measure of rotational order, denoted O r [23,[39][40][41]. Both order parameters are measured on a scale from 0 to 1, and are derived from data at a specific time instant t. O p t = 1 indicates perfect alignment in directions of motion of individuals at a given instant, with lower values of polarization coinciding with lower levels of similarity in directions of motion.…”

Section: Collective Order and States Of Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exceptional cases were comparisons of T1 and T2, and T3 and T4, where there were no differences detected in interaction rules, but where there were differences in unbroken durations spent in each collective state. Theoretically, it is possible for different collective states to emerge from the same underlying rules of interaction, as models for collective motion can exhibit what appears to be initial condition dependence [41,64] and hysteresis [23,41]. Theoretical models often generate single and relatively stable long-term collective states, including models shown to exhibit initial condition and system history dependence, whereas the behaviour of the mosquitofish studied here is much more complex and dynamic, with no long-term occupancy of any clear collective state.…”

Section: Local Density Alignment and Collective Order Of Subgroupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Welch et al [40] noted that such transitional states are composed of a mixture of behaviours, including elements of polar, swarming and milling formations. Theoretical work [41] suggests that states corresponding to this larger region of parameter space can persist for long durations, so they are not necessarily transitional, with specific examples given in Mudaliar et al [41] of simulations with persistent motion with combinations of mill-like motion and directed motion, or swarm-like motion and directed motion. Here, we refer to emergent patterns coinciding with the larger region of order parameter space as composite motion (C), given that such motions are probably compositions of swarming, milling and parallel motion.…”

Section: Collective Order and States Of Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measures have also been developed to quantify how close the movement of a group is to perfect milling motion about a central point in the group, with one of the most commonly applied being the group angular momentum [23,39]. Combined, polarization and angular momentum parameters can be used to identify some of the fundamental patterns of collective motion, especially swarming, milling and parallel motion [23,[39][40][41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Collective order and group structure of shoaling fish subject to differing risk-level treatments with a sympatric predator

Schaerf,

Wilson,

Welch

et al. 2024

R. Soc. Open Sci.

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It is imperative for individuals to exhibit flexible behaviour according to ecological context, such as available resources or predation threat. Manipulative studies on responses to threat often focus on behaviour in the presence of a single indicator for the potential of predation, whereas in the wild perception of threat will probably be more nuanced. Here, we examine the collective behaviour of eastern mosquitofish ( Gambusia holbrooki ) subject to five differing threat scenarios relating to the presence and hunger state of a jade perch ( Scortum barcoo ). Across threat scenarios, groups exhibit unique behavioural profiles that differ in the durations that particular collective states are maintained, the probability of transitions between states, the size and duration of persistence of spatially defined subgroups, and the patterns of collective order of these subgroups. Under the greatest level of threat, subgroups of consistent membership persist for longer durations. Group-level behaviours, and their differences, are interconnected with differences in estimates of the underlying rules of interaction thought to govern collective motion. The responses of the group are shown to be specific to the details of a potential threat, rather than a binary response to the presence or absence of some form of threat.

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