“…Moreover, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes can significantly inhibit the release of IL-6 and IL-1β and the expression of TLR4 and RelA, and promote the release of TNFα in damaged endometrial epithelial cells, thereby significantly reducing the cell viability and inhibiting the release of lactate dehydrogenation in a concentration-dependent manner [ 12 ]. In addition, these exosomes are also involved in the regulation of the immune system, thereby regulating the inflammatory response of damaged tissues to repair the endometrium [ 7 , [92] , [93] , [94] ]. Adipose mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote endometrial regeneration and collagen remodeling by enhancing the expression of integrin-β3, LIF and VEGF, thereby restoring fertility in a rat model of IUA [ 9 ].…”