Correlações Genéticas E Análise De Trilha Para Caracteres De Fruto Da Palmeira Juçara

Abstract

RESUMO -A palmeira Euterpe edulis é uma espécie nativa da Mata Atlântica e atualmente se encontra na lista das espécies ameaçadas de extinção. Uma alternativa para retirá-la desta lista seria o estímulo para o plantio comercial, focando o manejo dos frutos, que recebem a classificação de "superfruta" pelas suas propriedades químicas e nutricionais. Entretanto, uma etapa de extrema importância que precede a seleção de genótipos superiores é o estudo das associações entre as variáveis, pois permite traçar estratégias de seleção alternativas para maximizar os ganhos. O presente trabalho teve por objetivos estimar as correlações genéticas pelo procedimento REML/BLUP e os efeitos diretos e indiretos sobre a massa dos frutos, por meio da análise de trilha, para seis caracteres de frutos de 198 acessos de E. edulis. Foram analisados frutos de 198 genótipos de juçara coletados em 20 fragmentos florestais na região Sul e Caparaó do Estado do Espírito Santo. De cada genótipo, avaliaram-se 25 frutos para as características: diâmetro longitudinal e equatorial do fruto e da semente; e massa do fruto e da semente. Os dados obtidos foram utilizados para a estimativa das correlações genéticas através do método de máxima verossimilhança restrita e melhor predição linear não viesada (REML/BLUP). Posteriormente, as correlações genéticas entre as variáveis de fruto foram submetidas à análise de trilha. Os seis caracteres de fruto estudados apresentam associação genética positiva com magnitude superior a 0,71 pelo procedimento REML/BLUP. O diâmetro longitudinal do fruto e a massa das sementes possuem maior efeito direto sobre a massa dos frutos, o que as torna mais indicadas para aumentar as chances de sucesso na seleção de genótipos de juçara com frutos maiores. As características diâmetro longitudinal do fruto e a massa das sementes são as principais determinantes das variações na massa dos frutos. Termos para indexação: Euterpe edulis, Pré-melhoramento, Seleção de Caracteres, Análise Biométrica. GENETIC CORRELATIONS AND PATH ANALYSIS FOR FRUIT CHARACTERS OF JUÇARA PALM TREEABSTRACT -The palm tree Euterpe edulis is a native species from Mata Atlântica and it is nowadays found in the list of species which are threatened by extinction. One option to withdraw it from this list would be the stimulation of the commercial planting aiming the management of fruits which receive the "super fruit" classification by their chemical and nutritional properties. However, one stage of extreme importance that precedes the superior genotypes selection is the study of associations among the variables, because it allows delineating alternate selection strategies to maximize the gains. The present study had as objective to estimate the genetic correlations by the REML/BLUP procedure and the direct and indirect effects upon fruit mass by path analysis for six fruit characters of 198 accessions of E. edulis. Fruits of 198 Juçara genotypes collected in 20 forestry fragments in the south and Caparaó region of the state of Espírito Santo were analyzed. Fro...

Single and multi-trait genomic prediction for agronomic traits in Euterpe edulis

“…A sample of fruits was taken from each genotype, packed in properly identified plastic bags and transported to the Plant Biometry laboratory at the Federal University of Espı ´rito Santo, where morphometric evaluations of fruits and seeds were carried out in a completely randomized design. For EDF, data were measured in millimeters (mm) obtained using a 6" digital caliper (Zaasprecision1), performed on five fruits individually, as recommended by Marc ¸al et al (2015) [30], who observed high repeatability values for these characteristics. The authors concluded that five measurements are necessary to carry out the measurement to reach coefficients of determination of 95%.…”

Single and Multi-trait Genomic Prediction for agronomic traits inEuterpe edulis

“…Published scientific studies evaluating associations between Euterpe edulis traits are scarce in the literature (Marçal et al, 2015;Oliveira et al, 2015;Silva et al, 2018). However, these analyzes are fundamental for understanding the interactive behavior between traits, revealing linear cause and effect responses that are essential for the agricultural development of the crop and for breeding programs, as it allows the determination of different types of practical strategies.…”

“…A sample of fruits was taken from each matrix, packed in properly identified plastic bags and transported to the Plant Biometry laboratory at the Federal University of Espírito Santo, where morphometric evaluations of fruits and seeds were carried out in a completely randomized design. For EDF, data were measured in millimeters (mm) obtained using a 6" digital caliper (Zaasprecision®), performed on five fruits individually, as recommended by Marçal et al (2015) who observed high repeatability values for these characteristics. The authors concluded that five measurements are necessary to carry out the measurement to reach coefficients of determination of 95%, measurements above this amount increase costs and evaluative time, bringing little additional information to the works.…”

“…Evaluating biometric characteristics of juçaizeiro fruits, Marçal et al (2015) reported a positive genetic association between EDF and fresh seed mass (0.75). Knowing that the juçaizeiro fruit is mostly composed of seed, and the pulp makes up a small portion of it, increasing EDF can reduce the percentage of pulp yield.…”

Associations among production and physicochemicalquality fruit traits in Passion fruit populations subjected to three cycles of intrapopulation recurrent selection

“…The mixed-models method has been used to generate information in selective-breeding programs for perennial species such as sugarcane , açaí (Euterpe oleracea) (TEIXEIRA et al, 2012), juçara (Euterpe edulis) (MARÇAL et al, 2015), guava (SANTOS et al, 2017), and passion fruit (SANTOS et al, 2015;SILVA et al, 2016).…”