Correlates and consequences of internalized stigma for people living with mental illness: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Measuring stigma in children receiving mental health treatment: Validation of the Paediatric Self-Stigmatization Scale (PaedS)

“…This is in line with research in adults negatively associating internalized stigma with a range of psychosocial and psychiatric variables [35]. Although the study's cross-sectional nature does not allow for firm conclusions on the link between severity of mental health difficulties and stigma in this age group, it opens up possibilities of further exploration in that direction.…”

Change Starts with us: Stigmatizing Attitudes Towards Mental Illnesses and the Use of Stigmatizing Language Among Mental Health Professionals

“…Stigmatization is considered to be one of the important factors affecting social engagement, disrupting interpersonal and occupational functioning, decreasing quality of life and adversely affecting treatment and care processes of mental health patients (1,7,12,13). Sartorius (19) have emphasized that the stigmatization is the most important obstacle for individuals with mental illness to reach health care.…”

“…It has been reported that, these individuals express health care seeking behaviors less, their ability to access to health care services and compliance to treatment decreases (9,12,13).…”

“…The internalized stigma develops-which is defined as the individual's acceptance of the negative stereotypes and the resulting withdrawal from the society with the arising negative emotions. As a result, the social engagement, interpersonal and occupational functioning, and quality of life of the stigmatized individuals deteriorate to a great extent (1,7,12,13).…”

Contextualizing public stigma: Endorsed mental health treatment stigma on college and university campuses

“…Some suggest that public stigma "attempts to map the levels and nature of stigma in the general population" (Pescosolido and Martin 2015;94) and the concept of public stigma has been used to examine cross-national differences and changes within societies over time (Angermeyer and Dietrich 2006;Pescosolido and Martin 2007;Pescosolido et al 2013). Others link public stigma to a group or community level and suggest that this type of stigma may only apply to specific groups, locations, and periods (Livingston and Boyd 2010;Quinn and Chaudoir 2009;Vogel, Wade, and Hackler 2007). However, previous operationalizations of public stigma ask individual respondents to report on perceived stigma from a generic "most people" originally used in Bruce Link's (1987;Link, Mirotznik, and Cullen 1991) Devaluation-Discrimination scale, with few exceptions (Moses 2010; also see Eisenberg et al 2009 for discussion of this issue).…”