Correlation Analysis between Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes and Gastrointestinal Bleeding after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Abstract

Objective To explore the characters of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and to provide syndrome study theoretical evidence for TCM differentiation treatment after PCI through retrospective study. Methods Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) who underwent PCI in Cardiovascular Intervention Center of Wangjing Hospital during Dec. 2012 to Dec. 2014 and met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Retrospective study was then conducted based on patients' clinical document and angiography data to explore the distribution pattern of TCM syndromes. Results 801 patients were recruited in the study. TCM syndromes in descending order of their incidence were Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, heart blood stasis syndrome, Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome, phlegm and blood stasis syndrome, Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome, Yang asthenia syndrome, heart and kidney yin deficiency syndrome to cold congeal, and blood stasis syndrome in a more to less order. Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome was in the most (occurring in 298 patients, 37.20%); Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome occurred in 163 patients (20.35%); heart blood stasis syndrome was shown in 126 patients (15.73%); phlegm and blood stasis syndrome was shown in 95 patients (11.86%). Conclusion Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome was closely associated with post-PCI bleeding, implying that this syndrome might serve as a powerful predictor of GI bleeding as well as a potential supplement to the current predicting and scoring system of bleeding such as CRUSADE.

Correlations Between Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes and Clinical Indexes in Health Check-Up Population

“…10 Qi de ciency and blood stasis syndrome has been reported to have a correlation with the bleeding after receiving percutaneous coronary intervention. 11 A study has shown that Qi-de ciency is associated with cancer related fatigue. 12 In addition to the association with disorders, TCM syndrome differentiation has been demonstrated to correlate with many measureable clinical indexes in modern medicine in disease setting.…”

NMR Metabolomics and Random Forests Models to Identify Potential Plasma Biomarkers of Blood Stasis Syndrome With Coronary Heart Disease Patients

“…Diagnosis standard of CHD refers to “nomenclature and diagnosis criteria of ischemic heart disease” which is established by the Joint International Society and Federation of Cardiology/World Health Organization Task Force on Standardization of Clinical Nomenclature (Nomenclature and criteria for diagnosis of ischemic heart disease, 1979). The syndrome was identified by three chief physicians, according to “criteria for TCM syndrome differentiation of patients with coronary heart disease” (Subcommittee of Cardiovascular Diseases of China Society of Integrated Traditional Chinese, and Western Medicine, 1991).…”

Study on the Effect of Antiplatelet and Gastric Mucosal Protection of Traditional Chinese Medicine Invigorating Qi and Hemostasis

“…Research indicated the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding following PCI as being 2.3%, while the incidence of bleeding in high-risk groups was as high as 12%. 2 Hemorrhaging is related to the use of DAPT, and aspirin can directly damage the epithelial cells of gastrointestinal mucosa. 3 Furthermore, clopidogrel may delay the healing of gastric mucosal injuries.…”