Correlation between adipokines and carotid intima media thickness in a group of obese Romanian children: is small for gestational age status an independent factor for cardiovascular risk?

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the relationship between markers of adiposity and common carotid artery (CIMT) in obese children born small for gestational age (SGA) versus appropriate for gestational age (AGA), to establish cut-off values for CIMT in obese pediatric populations. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out over a 1-year period (Jul 2013 -June 2014). We analyzed 122 obese patients aged 4-20 (mean age 14.9 ± 2.28). Twenty-six patients were born SGA. CIMT was measured in all the patients. Using ROC curve, cut-off values were obtained for both groups. Results: We demonstrated a correlation between CIMT and adiponectin, leptin and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (r = -0.25, r = 0.279, r = 0.498) in obese children. CIMT in obese children born SGA were significantly increased as compared with obese children born AGA of similar age, sex and body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.0035). A CIMT cut off value of 0.049 cm has been obtained with a high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion: CIMT is a well-known marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and its measurement is a noninvasive and inexpensive method of detecting subclinical atherosclerosis. Being born SGA increases the atherogenic risk. Obese children with CIMT above 0.049 cm should be screened for metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Assessment of epicardial adipose tissue in young obese children

“…CIMT is a marker to assess preclinical atherosclerosis and is associated with future cardiovascular events (van den Oord et al 2013). Increased CIMT is inversely related to adipokine levels and HDL-cholesterol (Gilardini et al 2011;Stroescu et al 2017). Goeller et al recently showed that EAT volume was inversely related to adipokines, HDL-cholesterol and angiotensin in adults (Goeller et al 2018).…”