Correlation between C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and lymphocyte levels in the acute phase with spirometry test in severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors after twelve weeks

Abstract

---The examination of pulmonary functions after COVID-19 exposure is still limited, thus making it difficult for clinicians to determine the patient's evaluation steps after confirmed COVID-19. This study aims to identify the relationship between inflammatory parameters, consisting of CRP and lymphocyte levels during the acute phase with FVC, FEV1/FVC, and FEF25-75 values ​ in severe COVID-19 survivors after twelve weeks. This study of observational analytics uses a cross-sectional study design conducted on COVID-19 survivors. Data analysis used the S.P.S.S. program. The bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between CRP levels and FVC values (p=0,028; PR=2,82) ​​and there was no significant relationship between CRP and FEV1/FVC values ​​(p=1,905; PR=2,53) and FEF 25-75 (p=0,436;PR=1,45), there was no lymphocyte association with FEV1/FVC (p=0.670;PR=1.33), FVC (p=0,323;PR=1,56), and FEF 25-75 (p=0,207; PR=1,83). The results of the multivariate test found that CRP levels (p=0,036; PR=2,95), age >65 years (p=0,028;PR=4.16), history of DM (p=0,004;PR=10,47) are correlate with FVC ≤ 80%. History of DM is a predictor that correlate to FEV1/FVC ≤75% (p=0,004;PR=10,47). CRP levels are a parameter significantly related to FVC values, while lymphocytes are not related to spirometry tests on severe COVID-19 survivors after twelve weeks.