Correlation between Carotid Intimal-Media Thickness and Coronary Artery Disease Severity in Stable Coronary Artery Disease Patients

Abstract

Background: Atherosclerosis is a fundamental process in the natural course of coronary heart disease (CHD), carotid artery disease and peripheral artery disease. Atherosclerosis is caused by an imbalance of homeostasis in the level of the endothelial layer and the presence of risk factors. The manifestations of coronary atherosclerosis have a wide spectrum of diseases, ranging from subclinical to clinical phases. In patients without CHD symptoms, changes in carotid artery morphology include carotid intimal-media thickness (CIMT) and carotid plaques which correlated with CHD. This study aims to see the relationship between CIMT with the severity of coronary lesions in stable coronary artery disease. Methods: The study was an analytical observational research using cross sectional design. Data was taken by consecutive sampling from outpatient hospital clinic. The CIMT score was obtained from the examination of a communis carotid artery using a B-mode ultrasound device. The value of CIMT is divided into 2 groups based on the value of the sensitivity curve and the specificity curve. The value of Syntax was obtained from the catheterization laboratory and the factors that influenced it were recorded. Pearson correlation test is used to analyze the relationship of CIMT and Syntax value. The logistic regression test used for multivariate test. Results: Of the 58 patients, there were 33 subjects who had a CIMT score of > 0.71 mm and 25 subjects who had a CIMT score of ≤0.71 mm. There is a positive correlation (r = 0.403; p <0.05) between CIMT value and Syntax value. Subjects who have high Syntax value in the group with a CIMT value >0.71 mm compared to CIMT values ≤0.71 mm were 29 versus 4 (RR: 1.831; CI 95%: 1.194-2.807; p = 0.01). A multivariate test showed CIMT consistently as a independent risk factor of Syntax value in stable coronary artery disease with RP 5.27 (CI 95%: 1.306-25.047; p = 0.021). Conclusion:The increase in CIMT value has a significant positive correlation with the Syntax value. A CIMT > 0.71 mm is a independent risk factor of high Syntax value in stable coronary artery disease with prevalence ratio 5.27.

A Prospective Study of Prevalence of Carotid Artery Disease in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and its Correlation with Traditional Atherosclerotic Risk Factors in Central India

“…The commonest age group of carotid artery disease (12.8%) was between 61-70 years of age, suggest that carotid artery disease increases with older age. This is correlating with study done by Muhammad Haris et al [8] in which they found that increasing age in years was statistically significantly correlating with carotid artery disease. Obesity was present in 54 (27%) out of 250 CAD patients.…”

Ankle Brachial Index as Predictor of Coronary Artery Lesion Severity in Patients with Suspected Stable Coronary Artery Disease

“…Atherosclerosis in the carotid and peripheral arteries had been proven to be a predictor of atherosclerosis in coronary arteries. 12 This study showed low ABI is correlated with increased incidence of coronary lesion severity, but cannot be used as a diagnostic test for CAD detection which replaces the examination of other diagnostic tools. This study was still limited to the assessment of the probability that patients with low ABI have a risk of severe coronary lesions that are heavier than normal ABI values.…”

“…The multivariate test in this study showed that ABI was an independent variable on the severity of coronary lesions. Haris et al (2018) have proven atherosclerosis in the carotid artery to be associated with severity of coronary lesions. This study had also proven that LEAD is associated with severity of coronary lesions.…”

Prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease in Asymptomatic type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Invasive Correlation in North India

“…[ 21 ] and Haris et al . [ 22 ] in their study showed that CAD was reported at ages more than 55 years. Age being a nonmodifiable CAD risk factor, the incidence of CAD significantly increases beyond 55 years of age.…”