Correlation Between Hypertension and Mortality of Covid-19 Patient at Dr. Soehadi Prijonegoro Hospital

Abstract

Covid-19 pandemic has been spreading throughout the world for almost 2 years. Hypertension was one of the most common comorbidities among Covid-19 patients. We conducted this study to investigate the correlation between hypertension and mortality in Covid-19 patients. We collected 159 medical records of Covid-19 patients at dr. Soehadi Prijonegoro Hospital, Sragen, Central Java, Indonesia between March 2020 and March 2021, which met the following inclusion criteria: diagnosed as Covid-19 from RT PCR or Antigen test of SARS-CoV-2, age more than 18 years old, inpatient hospitalization and had complete medical record data. We investigated the independent variables i.e. sex, age, length of stay in hospital, antiviral treatment, oxygen saturation and history of hypertension, increased blood pressure upon arrival, and a dependent variable i.e. mortality. We used Chi-square and logistic regression to analyze the correlation between the independent variables with mortality. Using Chi-square analysis we found that there was no significant correlation between sex (p 0.604) and history of hypertension (p 0.378) with mortality. However, there was a significant correlation between mortality and the following variables: length of stay more than 14 days, decreased oxygen saturation (<93%) upon arrival, age more than 60 years, using Favipiravir rather than Remdesivir as antiviral treatment, and increased blood pressure upon arrival (p 0.000; 0.000; 0.004; 0.021; 0.049 accordingly). Logistic regression showed that length of stay of more than 14 days, oxygen saturation of less than 93% upon arrival, age more than 60 years, and hypertension upon arrival were significantly correlated with mortality among Covid-19 patients (p 0,000; 0,000, 0,005 and 0,049 respectively). History of hypertension was not found to be correlated with mortality among Covid-19 patients. However, increased blood pressure upon arrival was significantly correlated with mortality in Covid-19 patients, along with other factors such as age more than 60 years, decreased oxygen saturation upon arrival, and length of stay more than 14 days.