Correlation between<i>Distal-less</i>Expression Patterns and Structures of Appendages in Development of the Two-Spotted Cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus

Niwa, Nao; Saitoh, Mariko; Ohuchi, Hideyo; Yoshioka, Hidefumi; Noji, Sumihare

doi:10.2108/zsj.14.115

Cited by 66 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…All adult and nymph two-spotted G. bimaculatus crickets were reared at 29°C and 50% humidity under standard conditions, as previously described (37).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TGF-β signaling in insects regulates metamorphosis via juvenile hormone biosynthesis

Ishimaru

Tomonari

Matsuoka

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Although butterflies undergo a dramatic morphological transformation from larva to adult via a pupal stage (holometamorphosis), crickets undergo a metamorphosis from nymph to adult without formation of a pupa (hemimetamorphosis). Despite these differences, both processes are regulated by common mechanisms that involve 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and juvenile hormone (JH). JH regulates many aspects of insect physiology, such as development, reproduction, diapause, and metamorphosis. Consequently, strict regulation of JH levels is crucial throughout an insect’s life cycle. However, it remains unclear how JH synthesis is regulated. Here, we report that in the corpora allata of the cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus, Myoglianin (Gb’Myo), a homolog of Drosophila Myoglianin/vertebrate GDF8/11, is involved in the down-regulation of JH production by suppressing the expression of a gene encoding JH acid O-methyltransferase, Gb’jhamt. In contrast, JH production is up-regulated by Decapentaplegic (Gb’Dpp) and Glass-bottom boat/60A (Gb’Gbb) signaling that occurs as part of the transcriptional activation of Gb’jhamt. Gb’Myo defines the nature of each developmental transition by regulating JH titer and the interactions between JH and 20E. When Gb’myo expression is suppressed, the activation of Gb’jhamt expression and secretion of 20E induce molting, thereby leading to the next instar before the last nymphal instar. Conversely, high Gb’myo expression induces metamorphosis during the last nymphal instar through the cessation of JH synthesis. Gb’myo also regulates final insect size. Because Myo/GDF8/11 and Dpp/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)2/4-Gbb/BMP5–8 are conserved in both invertebrates and vertebrates, the present findings provide common regulatory mechanisms for endocrine control of animal development.

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“…All adult and nymph two-spotted G. bimaculatus crickets were reared at 29°C and 50% humidity under standard conditions, as previously described (37).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TGF-β signaling in insects regulates metamorphosis via juvenile hormone biosynthesis

Ishimaru

Tomonari

Matsuoka

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Dll is expressed in the distal leg in all hexapod orders in which this has been examined (Figs. 3.2C and 3.8 ; see also, e.g., Panganiban et al 1994 ;Niwa et al 1997 ;Scholtz et al 1998 ;Abzhanov and Kaufman 2000 ;Tanaka and Truman 2007 ;Schaeper et al 2013 ), as well as in other arthropods and even onychophorans (Vol. 3, Chapter 4 ;Janssen et al 2010 ).…”

Section: Leg Gap Genes During Embryogenesismentioning

confidence: 96%

Hexapoda: Comparative Aspects of Later Embryogenesis and Metamorphosis

Jockusch

Smith

2015

Evolutionary Developmental Biology of Invertebrates 5

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“…bimaculatus (two-spotted cricket) nymphs and adults were reared at 28-30°C at 70% humidity under 10 hour/14 hour light/dark photoperiod as previously described (Niwa et al, 1997). Fertilized eggs were collected with wet paper towels and incubated at 28°C in a plastic dish.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancestral functions of Delta/Notch signaling in the formation of body and leg segments in the cricketGryllus bimaculatus

et al. 2011

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SUMMARYDelta/Notch signaling controls a wide spectrum of developmental processes, including body and leg segmentation in arthropods. The various functions of Delta/Notch signaling vary among species. For instance, in Cupiennius spiders, Delta/Notch signaling is essential for body and leg segmentation, whereas in Drosophila fruit flies it is involved in leg segmentation but not body segmentation. Therefore, to gain further insight into the functional evolution of Delta/Notch signaling in arthropod body and leg segmentation, we analyzed the function of the Delta (GbЈDelta) and Notch (GbЈNotch) genes in the hemimetabolous, intermediate-germ cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. We found that GbЈDelta and GbЈNotch were expressed in developing legs, and that RNAi silencing of GbЈNotch resulted in a marked reduction in leg length with a loss of joints. Our results suggest that the role of Notch signaling in leg segmentation is conserved in hemimetabolous insects. Furthermore, we found that GbЈDelta was expressed transiently in the posterior growth zone of the germband and in segmental stripes earlier than the appearance of wingless segmental stripes, whereas GbЈNotch was uniformly expressed in early germbands. RNAi knockdown of GbЈDelta or GbЈNotch expression resulted in malformation in body segments and a loss of posterior segments, the latter probably due to a defect in posterior growth. Therefore, in the cricket, Delta/Notch signaling might be required for proper morphogenesis of body segments and posterior elongation, but not for specification of segment boundaries.

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Correlation betweenDistal-lessExpression Patterns and Structures of Appendages in Development of the Two-Spotted Cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus

Cited by 66 publications

References 20 publications

TGF-β signaling in insects regulates metamorphosis via juvenile hormone biosynthesis

TGF-β signaling in insects regulates metamorphosis via juvenile hormone biosynthesis

Hexapoda: Comparative Aspects of Later Embryogenesis and Metamorphosis

Ancestral functions of Delta/Notch signaling in the formation of body and leg segments in the cricketGryllus bimaculatus

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