Correlation between the number of epineurial and endoneurial blood vessels in diseased human sural nerves

Effects of hemodialysis on intraneural blood flow in end‐stage kidney disease

“…[31][32][33] Furthermore, structural abnormalities of epineurial vessels such as arteriolar attenuation, venous distension, tortuosity, and arterio-venous shunting have been well described in sural nerve biopsies of patients with chronic sensorimotor neuropathies. 34,35 It has been suggested that epineurial hypervascularity may be a compensatory response to endoneurial hypoxia caused either by the disruption of the blood-nerve barrier (leading to endoneural oedema) 36,37 or crowding of the endoneurial space by collagen fibrils, Schwann cells, or fibroblasts. 38 With respect to the present study, the rapid change in detectable INBF noted across a dialysis session may represent a reduction in epineurial blood flow, possibly reflecting improved endoneurial perfusion.…”

Doppler sonography for the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome: A critical review

“…Peripheral nerves are supplied by a rich anastomotic system of epineural and endoneural blood vessels . The intraneural homeostasis of peripheral nerve fascicles is maintained by the combined barrier action of these blood vessels .…”

Value of superb microvascular imaging ultrasonography in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome

“…The MN is provided by a rich anastomotic system of epineural and endoneural blood vessels, which extends vertically from epineuria to fascicular. [ 16 ] An animal model of entrapment neuropathy has shown an increased production of vascular endothelial growth factor, which indicates the increasing of intranerval microvascular density. [ 17 ] Some researchers evaluated the accuracy of color Doppler US (CDUS) and power Doppler US (PDUS) in the diagnosis of CTS, but came to different and even contradictory results.…”