Correlation between vertical components and skeletal class II malocclusion in ethnic Javanese

Abstract

Introduction The dentoskeletal morphology of Class II malocclusion has been analyzed in several cephalometric investigations. It is crucially important to understand the vertical components in orthodontic treatment. Defining the facial type of an individual is an essential key to obtain an accurate orthodontic diagnosis. Aim The aim of this study was to understand the correlation of vertical components in Class II skeletal malocclusion. Materials and methods This is a observational descriptive study. This study used lateral cephalograms of Class II skeletal malocclusion from Universitas Airlangga Dental Hospital, between April 2015 and 2016. Cephalometric analysis was performed using digital software by a single examiner. This analysis measured gonial (Go), upper gonial (Go 1 ), lower gonial (Go 2 ), Yaxis-SN angle, the length of anterior face height, and posterior face height. The correlation between each variable was analyzed using the Pearson correlation test ( P <0.01). Results There was a correlation between vertical components and Class II skeletal malocclusion. Conclusion Vertical components were correlated with Class II skeletal malocclusion. The greater ANB angle will be followed by greater Go 2 , which worsens the condition of Class II skeletal malocclusion.

The Importance of the Occlusal Plane in Predicting Better Facial Soft Tissue in Class II Malocclusion in Ethnic Javanese

“…This shows that the greater value of the gonial angle, the greater value of OCC-SN, OCC-MP, and Y-axis and the smaller value of the Z-angle and facial axis. 21 McNamara noted that excessive vertical development is indicated by negative values (<90 degrees), while less vertical facial development is indicated by positive values (>90 degrees), which are obtained by measuring the basion angle-PTM-gnathion and are expected to have an upright position on the face when balanced. In this study, the vertical plane of the face is represented by the Y-axis and facial axis.…”

“…Ricketts determined the growth of the mandible arch as a guide for predicting the growth of the mandible. 20 21 The gonial angle position moves toward the posterior, a distance that equals almost half of the total increase in mandibular growth. 20 In this study, the gonial angle does not have a correlation with OCC-FH but does reveal a positive correlation with OCC-SN, OCC-MP, and Y -axis, and a negative correlation with the Z-angle and facial axis.…”

A Prospective Study Comparing Adolescent and Post-Adolescent Periods Regarding Effects of Activator Appliance in Patients with Class II Mandibular Retrognathia by Using 3dMDface Analysis and Cephalometry

“…The lateral cephalometric radiographic records of the patients were analyzed with NemoCeph NX (Nemotech, Madrid, Spain), a computerized lateral cephalometric radiographic analysis program. Twenty-one linear and 15 angular lateral cephalometric radiographic measurements were performed ( Figure 3 , Table 2 ) [ 43 – 47 ]. A basicranial line passing through the tuberculum sella (T) and the wing points of sphenoid (W) was used as a sagittal reference plane (TW) ( Figure 3C, 3D ).…”

Correlation Between Sex and Facial Soft Tissue Characteristics Among Young Saudi Patients with Various Orthodontic Skeletal Malocclusions

“…The most characteristic and recognizable part of a human body is the face, and our first memory of a person is related to the image of their face [1]. Recent research from various parts of the world has shown that soft tissue thickness closely resembles skeletal malocclusions [2]. Skeletal malocclusion is a common genetic defect that occurs due to alteration of the maxillary and/or mandibular development, and is classified into 3 classes: in class I, the maxilla and mandible are in harmony with each other; in class II, the maxilla lies ahead of the mandible with reference to anterior cranial base (maxilla is prognathic); and in class II division 1, the maxillary anterior teeth are proclined, with a large overjet.…”

“…Skeletal malocclusion is a common genetic defect that occurs due to alteration of the maxillary and/or mandibular development, and is classified into 3 classes: in class I, the maxilla and mandible are in harmony with each other; in class II, the maxilla lies ahead of the mandible with reference to anterior cranial base (maxilla is prognathic); and in class II division 1, the maxillary anterior teeth are proclined, with a large overjet. In class II division 2, the maxillary anterior teeth are retroclined and there is a deep overbite [2]. In class III, the maxilla lies posterior to the mandible with reference to the anterior cranial base (i.e., the maxilla is retrognathic) [3].…”