Correlation of lipid content and composition with liposarcoma histology and grade

Abstract

Ex vivo 13C-NMR spectroscopy may be used to distinguish lipoma from well-differentiated, dedifferentiated, and pleomorphic liposarcoma based on changes in lipid and phospholipid metabolite profiles and may serve as adjunct to conventional light microscopy for the determination of liposarcoma histologic type and thus grade.

Multicentric infiltrative lipoma in a farmed Mediterranean seabass Dicentrarchus labrax: a pathological and biochemical case study

“…Moreover, our results show that EPA, DHA and arachidonic acid (ARA) are responsible for the higher degree of polyunsaturation in the pathological tissue compared with the normal muscular tissue; these long-chain PUFAs derived, through desaturase and elongase enzyme activity, from the linolenic and linoleic acids, which showed no significant difference in both muscular tissues. Therefore, the observed increase of long-chain PUFAs in this study could be related to the degree of neoplastic cell differentiation, which depends on gene expression and the hormonal environment, with the associated phenotypic change in fatty acid synthesis and degradation, as reported by Singer et al (1997). Thus, these histological types of liposarcoma represent a spectrum of adipocyte differentiation that may be quantitatively characterized by their lipid metabolites (Singer et al 1997), which, in our study showed a marked increase of the long-chain fatty acid synthesis in the pathological muscular tissue.…”

“…Therefore, the observed increase of long-chain PUFAs in this study could be related to the degree of neoplastic cell differentiation, which depends on gene expression and the hormonal environment, with the associated phenotypic change in fatty acid synthesis and degradation, as reported by Singer et al (1997). Thus, these histological types of liposarcoma represent a spectrum of adipocyte differentiation that may be quantitatively characterized by their lipid metabolites (Singer et al 1997), which, in our study showed a marked increase of the long-chain fatty acid synthesis in the pathological muscular tissue.…”

“…In addition, Singer et al (1997) reported an increase in the degree of the levels of PUFA:UFA ratios in the dedifferentiated and pleomorphic liposarcomas compared with well-differentiated liposarcoma, indicating that (1) the lipid metabolites function as biomarkers to predict metastatic potential and risk of recurrence in patients with liposarcoma and (2) the fatty acid changes are sarcoma specific. Moreover, our results show that EPA, DHA and arachidonic acid (ARA) are responsible for the higher degree of polyunsaturation in the pathological tissue compared with the normal muscular tissue; these long-chain PUFAs derived, through desaturase and elongase enzyme activity, from the linolenic and linoleic acids, which showed no significant difference in both muscular tissues.…”

“…As early as 1963, Jacob observed a higher fatty acid synthesis in human lipoma (Jacob 1963). Singer et al (1997), trying to define the malignancy grading, found important qualitative and quantitative differences among the fatty acids in normal fat, welldifferentiated liposarcomas, dedifferentiated liposarcomas and pleomorphic liposarcomas; in particular, they observed an increase in the degree of polyunsaturation in the dedifferentiated and pleomorphic liposarcomas compared with the well-differentiated liposarcoma. Hietanen et al (1986) reported no significant differences in the fatty acid content of lipoma compared with healthy tissue, but a marked increase in the relative amounts of unsaturated fatty acids, especially arachidonic acid, and a decrease in saturated fatty acids in mammary cancers compared with healthy reference tissue or lipomas.…”

Inhibition of polo like kinase 1 in sarcomas induces apoptosis that is dependent on Mcl-1 suppression

“…18 Sarcoma is rare cancer in adults (1%) but there are many subtypes of sarcomas each of which are genetically and biologically distinct such as; liposarcoma, the most common type of soft tissue sarcoma, accounting for approximately 20% of the tumors in adults, is characterized by amplifications of CDK4 and MDM2, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST), highly malignant tumors of the Schwann cell lineage that have loss of Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), Ewing sarcoma (ES), a malignancy of the bone and soft tissue, is characterized by translocations of EWS/FLI1. [19][20][21] Since surgery, radiation and chemotherapy have a limited ability to control inoperable or metastatic disease, there is an extreme need to develop novel targeted therapies and strategies.…”