Correlations on Phenolic Screening Related to In Vitro and In Ovo Assessment of Ocimum basilicum L. Hydro-Alcoholic Extracts Used as Skin Active Ingredient

Abstract

The current study was aimed to evaluate the phenolic composition parameters of two hydro-alcoholic extracts of Ocimum basilicum L. (OB) obtained from the aerial part (without leaves) and leaves, in order to determine their contribution to the antioxidant activity (AOA). Both hydro-alcoholic extracts have proven to be rich in polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, flavonols and tannins. Therefore, the leaves’ extracts reveal an inhibition percentage of 89%, almost comparable with the standard reference (95%). To complete the toxicological profile, the study also assessed the potential cytotoxicity of basil hydro-alcoholic extracts on immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT), skin human fibroblasts (1BR3), mice epidermis (JB6Cl41-5a) and primary human melanocytes (HEMa) cells, correlated to A375 antitumor in vitro activity. The extracts did not induce significant cytotoxic effect on any of the selected normal cell lines but showed relevant activity on A375 cells. Considering the low values obtained regarding the irritative effects in the chorionallantoic membrane of the egg on blood vessels, we can emphasize that both extracts can be considered as biocompatible ingredients. Regarding the potential activity of hydro-alcoholic extracts on human skin, the decrease of erythema values after the application of extracts was a relevant observation which indicates the anti-inflammatory potential of Ocimum basilicum L.

Development and Characterization of Fe3O4@Carbon Nanoparticles and Their Biological Screening Related to Oral Administration

“…Using the highly vascularized chorioallantoic membrane of the chick embryo, the method involves an evaluation of an inflammatory reaction similar to that induced by a mucosal irritant; therefore, the assay is used for assessing the degree of irritancy of different material ophthalmic preparations, surfactants, cosmetics, dental adhesives, and other various natural compounds and chemicals [50,[99][100][101]. The HET-CAM method, an optimal prescreening assay for animal models, represents a simple, low cost and short-term method for predicting the ocular irritant effect of chemicals as an alternative to the classic Draize test in rabbits.…”

Phytochemical Analysis and In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity against Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells of Hippophae rhamnodies L., Cymbopogon citratus (D.C.) Stapf, and Ocimum basilicum L. Essential Oils

“…As far as we know, these two volatile oils (H. rhamoides and C. citratus) have not been tested for the irritating effect by employing the HET-CAM method. On the other hand, in a study on the irritating effect of two hydroalcoholic extracts of O. basilicum, Faur et al, assessed the toxic potential at the chorioallantoic membrane, concluding that O. basilicum has a good biocompatibility and tolerance at this level [36].…”

Biologic Impact of Green Synthetized Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Two Different Lung Tumorigenic Monolayers and a 3D Normal Bronchial Model—EpiAirwayTM Microtissue

“…After the three successive extractions, the extract was passed through a 0.45 µm Whatman membrane filters (Sigma–Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA; Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany) and concentrated under reduced pressure at 35 °C, using a Heidolph G3 rotary evaporator (Schwabach, Germany) and then lyophilized in a Christ Alpha 1–2 freeze dryer (Osterode, Germany) at −60 °C. The basil extract was prepared according to the slightly modified protocol described by our research group in a previous work [ 29 ]. Briefly, 10 g of basil leaves hand-grounded, were mixed with 100 mL 70% ethanol and after a 15 min rest, the sample was subjected to ultrasound bath for 30 min, at 50 °C and 40 KHz (LBS2 10 L from FALC Instruments, Bergamo, Italy).…”