Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Modulates the Immune Response to Stress in the Rat*

Jain, Rajeev; Zwickler, Don; Hollander, Charles S.; Brand, Howard; Saperstein, Arnold; Hutchinson, Brian; Brown, Cynthia A.; Audhya, Tapan

doi:10.1210/endo-128-3-1329

Cited by 129 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…For example both TNF-α and IL-1β stimulate production of CRH (Dudley, 1999) and conversely CRH inhibits the production of IL-1 and IL-6 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (Salas et al, 1997). CRH may reduce the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells (Irwin et al, 1990) and also inhibits T cell proliferation (Jain et al, 1991). Increasing fetal cortisol production, perpetuated by increasing CRH production as described above, is also associated with fetal lung maturation and production of surfactant proteins and phospholipids which are present in the amniotic fluid.…”

Section: Page 13 Of 24mentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine immune interactions in human parturition

Golightly

Jabbour

Norman

2011

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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Human parturition is an inflammatory event, modulated and influenced by a host of other environmental and physiological processes, including the endocrine hormones.Complex bidirectional communication occurs between the two systems to bring about some of the changes that are seen in labour, an event that is not yet fully understood.Preterm birth is a major problem in obstetrics and neonatology, with dysfunctional labour or prolonged pregnancy also making increasingly significant contributions to maternal morbidity. With better understanding of normal and abnormal parturition we may be able to develop novel ways of treating these complications of pregnancy and reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. This review discusses the crucial role that endocrine-immune interaction plays in the process of labour and in the processes of abnormal and preterm labour. We propose that amongst these complex interactions it is the immune system that is the driving force behind human parturition. Keywords Parturition Endocrine InflammationImmune

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Section: Page 13 Of 24mentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine immune interactions in human parturition

Golightly

Jabbour

Norman

2011

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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“…The widespread distribution of CRH family peptides triggered further studies that have illuminated their functions in other physiological processes including appetite suppression (Spina et al 1996, Contarino et al 2000, cardiovascular adaptation to stress (Coste et al 2000), regulation of the inflammatory response (Jain et al 1991), and reproduction in vertebrates (Imperatore et al 2006, Tao et al 2007.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corticotropin-releasing hormone family evolution: five ancestral genes remain in some lineages

Cardoso¹,

Bergqvist²,

Félix³

et al. 2016

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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The evolution of the peptide family consisting of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and the three urocortins (UCN1-3) has been puzzling due to uneven evolutionary rates. Distinct gene duplication scenarios have been proposed in relation to the two basal rounds of vertebrate genome doubling (2R) and the teleost fish-specific genome doubling (3R). By analyses of sequences and chromosomal regions, including many neighboring gene families, we show here that the vertebrate progenitor had two peptide genes that served as the founders of separate subfamilies. Then, 2R resulted in a total of five members: one subfamily consists of CRH1, CRH2, and UCN1. The other subfamily contains UCN2 and UCN3. All five peptide genes are present in the slowly evolving genomes of the coelacanth Latimeria chalumnae (a lobe-finned fish), the spotted gar Lepisosteus oculatus (a basal ray-finned fish), and the elephant shark Callorhinchus milii (a cartilaginous fish). The CRH2 gene has been lost independently in placental mammals and in teleost fish, but is present in birds (except chicken), anole lizard, and the nonplacental mammals platypus and opossum. Teleost 3R resulted in an additional surviving duplicate only for crh1 in some teleosts including zebrafish (crh1a and crh1b). We have previously reported that the two vertebrate CRH/UCN receptors arose in 2R and that CRHR1 was duplicated in 3R. Thus, we can now conclude that this peptide-receptor system was quite complex in the ancestor of the jawed vertebrates with five CRH/UCN peptides and two receptors, and that crh and crhr1 were duplicated in the teleost fish tetraploidization.

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“…The critical pain-control hormones that are produced in glands outside the central nervous system are cortisol, pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), progesterone, testosterone, estrogen, and thyroid (Pednekar and Mulgaonker, 1995;Jain et al, 1991;Aloisi and Bonifazi, 2006). Therefore pain stimulation of the hormone system that might be due to the burdizzo castration causes these adrenal and gonad hormone levels to elevate in the serum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute biochemical and Hematological responses to Burdizzo castration in West African Dwarf bucks

Kayode¹,

Obot²

2017

EJMR

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Castration has been shown to elicit physiological stress, inflammatory reactions, pain-associated behaviour, suppression of immune function, and a reduction in performance to varying degrees. The responses to castration using Burdizzo were investigated in four male West African Dwarf (WAD) goats hourly over a period of 3 hours. The bucks were castrated with Burdizzo clamp, blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture for biochemical, hematological and hormonal analyses. The hematological values showed significant decreases (P<0.05) in PCV, Hb, Rbc, neutrophil throughout the period, while the White blood cell count decreased significantly 1 hour post castration. Respiratory rate increased significantly (P<0.05) throughout the post castration period of study, while the rectal temperature significantly increasing (P<0.05) for just an hour post castration. Cortisol level rose significantly (P<0.05) throughout the study period. Testosterone and estrogen levels fell after an hour though non-significantly (P>0.05) but later rose significantly (P<0.05) during the second and third hour post castration. The serum biochemistry changes observed include a significant rise (P<0.05) in AST, ALT, urea and Creatinine after 1 hour upon castration, but the values later significantly decreased (P<0.05) after the 2nd and 3rd hours. The serum electrolytes increased significantly (P<0.05) an hour post castration when compared with the pre castration values and later decreased significantly (P<0.05) at the 2nd and 3 hours post castration in comparison to the 1st hour value. There was a non-significant (P>0.05) increase in heart rate 1 hour post castration before returning to the pre castration value. This study concluded that the effects of three hours post burdizzo castration on hematological and biochemical profile fluctuated significantly in all the values under study and this calls for clinical surveillance among surgeons when such animals are brought for surgery during the acute period of castration. Also, this study will make information available for clinicians and researchers.

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Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Modulates the Immune Response to Stress in the Rat*

Cited by 129 publications

References 43 publications

Endocrine immune interactions in human parturition

Endocrine immune interactions in human parturition

Corticotropin-releasing hormone family evolution: five ancestral genes remain in some lineages

Acute biochemical and Hematological responses to Burdizzo castration in West African Dwarf bucks

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