Cosmic electron spectra 1987–1994

Abstract

We report cosmic electron spectra obtained on balloon flights in August of the years 1987, 1990, 1992, and 1994 in an extension of the series of observations with the same instrument begun in 1968. Electron fluxes at approximately 6 GeV have returned to levels seen in the decade of the 1980s in spite of the reversal of solar magnetic polarity in 1990, which in some models should have produced a return to the much lower fluxes observed in the 1970s. We know of no satisfactory theoretical interpretation of these results.

CRDB: a database of charged cosmic rays

“…Balloon (1982/08):Evenson & Meyer (1984) -Balloon (1982/10):Garcia-Munoz et al (1986) -Balloon (1984/09):Garcia-Munoz et al (1986) -Balloon (1987/08):Evenson et al (1995) -Balloon (1990/08):Evenson et al (1995) -Balloon (1992/08):Evenson et al (1995) -Balloon (1994/08):Evenson et al (1995) -Balloon (1969/04+1970/11):Silverberg et al (1973) -Balloon (1969/09+1973/05):Meegan & Earl (1975) -Balloon (1970/05+1970/09):Muller & Meyer (1973) -Balloon (1970/06):Bjarle et al (1979) -Balloon (1971/05):Apparao (1973) -Balloon (1971/09+1972/10):Juliusson (1974) -Balloon (1971,1972 -Balloon (1971/07): Webber et al (1973a) -Balloon (1971/07+1972/07): Webber et al (1973a) -Balloon (1972/07): Webber et al (1973a) -Balloon (1972/07): Webber & Schofield (1975); Webber et al (1987) -Balloon (1972/07): Daugherty et al (1975) -Balloon (1972/10): Freier et al (1977); Orth et al (1978) -Balloon (1972/11+1973/05): Buffington et al (1974, 1975) -Balloon (1973/06): Ishii et al (1973) -Balloon (1973/08): Fisher et al (1976); Hagen et al (1977); Leech & Ogallagher (1978) -Balloon (1973/09+1974/05): Dwyer (1978) -Balloon (1973/09+1974/05+1975/09+1975/10): Dwyer & Meyer (1987) -Balloon (1974/07+1974/08): Hartman & Pellerin (1976) -Balloon (1974/07+1974/08+1976/09): Lezniak & Webber (1978) -Balloon (1975/09+1975/10): Minagawa (1981) -Balloon (1975/10): Prince (1979); Hartmann et al (1977) -Balloon (1975/12): Bogomolov et al (1979) -Balloon (1976/05): Golden et al (1984, 1987) -Balloon (1976/10): Simon et al (1980) -Balloon (1977/05): Buffington et al (1978) -Balloon (1977/07): Webber & Yushak (1983) -Balloon (1977/09): Webber & Kish (1979); Webber (1982) -Balloon (1980/10): Tang (1984) -Balloon (1981/04): Jordan (1985) -Balloon (1981/09): Webber et al (1985a,b) -Balloon (1984/04): Mueller & Tang (1987) -Balloon (1987/05+1988/05+1989/05+1991/05): Ichimura et al (1993) -Balloon (1989/05+1991/05): Kamioka et al (1997) -Balloon (1989/09): Hatano et al (1995) -Balloon (1990/07): Bogomolov et al (1995) -Balloon (1991/09): Buckley et al (1994) -ACE -ACE-CRIS (1997/08-1998/04): George et al (2009) -ACE-CRIS (1997/08-1998/12): Wiedenbeck et al (1999) -ACE-CRIS (1997/08-1999/07): Yanasak et al (2001) -ACE-CRIS (1998/01-1999/01): de Nolfo et al (2006) -ACE-CRIS (2001/05-2003/09): George et al (2009) -ACE-SIS (1997/08-1999/07): Yanasak et al (2001) -AESOP -AESOP94 (1994/08): Clem et al (1996) -AESOP97+98 (1997/09+1998/08): Clem et al (2000) -AESOP99 (1999/08): Clem & Evenson (2002) -AESOP00 (2000/08): Clem & Evenson (2002) -AESOP02 (2002/08): Clem & Evenson (2004) -AESOP06 (2006/08): Clem & Evenson (2009) -ALICE -ALICE (1987/08): Hesse et al (1996) -ALICE (1987/08+1987/08): Esposito et al (1992) -AMS-01 -AMS01 (1998/06): Alcaraz et al (2000a); AMS Collaboration et al (2000, 2002); Xiong et al (2003); Aguilar et al (2010, 2011) -AMS01-BremsstrahlungPhotons (1998/06): AMS-01 Collaboration et al (2007) -AMS01-singleTrack (1998/06): Alcaraz et al (2000b); AMS Collaboration...…”

Cosmic-Ray Database Update: Ultra-High Energy, Ultra-Heavy, and Antinuclei Cosmic-Ray Data (CRDB v4.0)

“…For UHECR data (Sect. • Balloon (1980/10): Tang [189] • Balloon (1982/08): Evenson and Meyer [188] • Balloon (1982/10): Garcia-Munoz et al [190] • Balloon (1984/04): Mueller and Tang [191] • Balloon (1984/09): Garcia-Munoz et al [190] • Balloon (1987/08): Evenson et al [192] • Balloon (1990/08): Evenson et al [192] • Balloon (1992/08): Evenson et al [192] • Balloon (1994/08): Evenson et al [192] • AESOP94 (1994/08): Clem et al [193] • AESOP97+98 (1997/09+1998/08): Clem et al [194] • AESOP99 (1999/08): Clem and Evenson [195] • AESOP00 (2000/08): Clem and Evenson [195] • AESOP02 (2002/08): Clem and Evenson [196] • AESOP06 (2006/08): Clem and Evenson [197] • ATIC01&02 (2001/01+2003/01): Chang et al [198] • BETS04 (2004/01): Yoshida et al [199] • BETS97&98 (1997/06+1998/05): • Balloon (1960,1963,1964,1965,1968) -Balloon (1960/08): Freier and Waddington [248] -Balloon (1964/07): Freier and Waddington [249] • Balloon (1961,1962,1963,1964 • Balloon (1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972 • Balloon (1965,1966,1968,1969,1970 ) up to PeV data (AMS02 [13], ATIC02 [114], CALET [115], CREAM-I…”

Time variations of cosmic ray electrons and nuclei between 1978 and 2004: Evidence for charge‐dependent modulation organized by changes in solar magnetic polarity and current sheet tilt

“…This data is presented as counting rates. To normalize the KET rates to the ICE intensities we use the LEE balloon observations of electrons which extend from 1976 to 2000 thus covering both data sets [ Evenson et al , 1995, 1999]. The approximate normalization factor is 500 for KET 1.2 GV electron rates [cf.…”