Cosmic ray energy spectrum and composition measurements from the GRAPES-3 experiment: Latest results

Varsi, F.; Ahmad, S.; Chakraborty, Manoneeta; Chandra, Anuj; Dugad, S.R.; Goswami, Umananda Dev; Gupta, S. K.; Hariharan, B.; Hayashi, Yasuhiro; Jagadeesan, P.; Jain, P. L.; Kawakami, Satoshi; Kojima, Hiroshi; Mahapatra, S.; Mohanty, P. K.; Moharana, Reetanjali; Muraki, Y.; Nayak, P.K.; Nonaka, T.; Oshima, A.; Pant, B.P.; Pattanaik, D.; Pradhan, G.S.; Rakshe, P.S.; Rameez, M.; Ramesh, K.; Reddy, L.V.; Sahoo, R.; Scaria, R.; Shibata, S.; Soni, J.; Tanaka, K.; Zuberi, M.

doi:10.22323/1.395.0388

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Tareq AbuZayyad range of 50 TeV to 1 PeV was shown [56]. Reproduced in Figure 3, the results show good agreement with experimental results at the low and high energy ranges made by different experiments.…”

Section: Pos(icrc2021)043supporting

confidence: 79%

“…Reproduced in Figure 3, the results show good agreement with experimental results at the low and high energy ranges made by different experiments. Primary fractions at different energies were also presented for mass grouping of: H, He, N, and Al+Fe, also in [56]. Several contributions by the LHAASO collaboration showed progress in understanding the detector(s) and the collected data, and in the various data characterization and analysis related to the study of high energy cosmic-rays.…”

Section: Pos(icrc2021)043mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cosmic Ray Indirect Rapporteur Report (37th ICRC )

Abu‐Zayyad¹

2021

Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)

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This report summarizes the physics results presented as part of the cosmic-ray indirect (CRI) session of the 37 th ICRC conference. Updated measurements on cosmic-ray energy spectrum, mass composition, and arrival direction distributions were presented by several collaborations, spanning the energy range of a few TeV up to the highest observed energies. We select some of the results which were highlighted by the respective discussion leaders or which presented new results at this conference. Results on atmospheric phenomena, including TGFs and thunderstorms are also presented. We see a few interesting trends in the presented data. Among these are, the increased use of IACT's to study cosmic-rays among experiments primarily intended for gamma-ray measurements. Another, is the continued development of radio detection of air showers. Multi-component detectors are becoming the preferred detection mode, as the knowledge of how to integrate the different information about an air shower collected by the different detector components improves. The main physics questions about the origins of cosmic rays, both galactic and extra-galactic, remain open. Increased statistics and improved analyses allow for refining and better constraining theoretical models, but no definitive answers can be claimed thus far. Looking forward, the field is moving at a rapid pace; Several detectors upgrades are underway, data is continually coming in and analyzed, old data being made public for a wider audience and a new generation of scientists to examine, with new tools and approaches that will hopefully result in new insights to help solve the open questions on cosmic-rays.

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Section: Pos(icrc2021)043supporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Pos(icrc2021)043mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmic Ray Indirect Rapporteur Report (37th ICRC )

Abu‐Zayyad¹

2021

Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)

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“…According to the CREAM I-III data, in the energy range of 1.0 -60 TeV/nucleon, the average p/He ratio is estimated at ~9.6. The "reverse kink" in the proton spectrum is also observed in the GRAPES-3 data [14] in the energy region of ≈ 200 TeV.…”

Section: Pos(ecrs)083supporting

confidence: 55%

Energy spectra of light and heavy primary cosmic rays in the energy range from 10 TeV to 100 PeV

Chilingarian¹,

Hovsepyan²

2023

Proceedings of 27th European Cosmic Ray Symposium — PoS(ECRS)

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A new paradigm of multisensory observations joined multiband measurements of the radiation coming from celestial objects to develop and confirm models of the origin of high-energy cosmic rays (CR). The integral parameters of the cosmic ray flux, such as energy spectra and mass composition, mostly measured in the last century, deliver useful information on the CR origination. Especially useful was an approach to disentangle the overall cosmic ray flux and obtain separate energy spectra of different mass groups. The MAKET-ANI surface array operated on Aragats Mt. in Armenia from 1997 to 2004 turned out to be very well suited for the energy and composition measurements at the "knee" of the cosmic ray spectrum. The problem of event-by-event classification of EAS has been solved by applying Bayesian and neural network techniques. The main results of MAKET-ANI data can be summarized as follows:The estimated energy spectrum of the light mass group of nuclei shows a sharp knee: ∆γ ~0.9, compared to ~0.3 for the all-particle energy spectra. The energy spectrum of the heavy mass group of cosmic rays shows no break in the energy interval of 10 15 -10 16 eV. In the new era of EAS studies by HAWK, LHAASO, and other experiments aimed to detect point sources of ultra-high energy gamma radiation (PeVatrons) to solve the millennium problem of cosmic ray origin, it is interesting to present and analyze the full pattern of available energy spectra in the energy range from 10 13 to 10 16 eV.

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“…The heavier mass PCRs produce a higher number of muons compared to lighter ones. The muon multiplicity distribution (MMD) is used to measure the mass composition of the PCRs [13,22].…”

Section: Jinst 18 P03046mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The top panel of figure 9 shows the comparison of the normalized MMD for the simulation based on the H4a model with the observed data for different shower size bins. The normalized MMD of each simulated primary is well described by negative binomial distribution (NBD) function [22] given as, where μ is the muon multiplicity value, 𝑚 is the mean and 𝜎 2 is the variance of the MMD. Thus, the normalized MMD of each simulated primary is fitted with NBD function as represented by the solid curves in the top panel of figure 9.…”

Section: Quality Cutmentioning

confidence: 99%

A GEANT4 based simulation framework for the large area muon telescope of the GRAPES-3 experiment

et al. 2023

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The GRAPES-3 experiment located in Ooty, India, samples the electron and muon components in extensive air showers using an array of plastic scintillator detectors and a muon telescope (G3MT) consisting of proportional counters to study the composition of primary cosmic rays (PCRs) as well as γ-ray sources in the TeV–PeV energy range. The G3MT is designed with an appropriate mass absorber to shield the electromagnetic and hadronic components in the shower and to detect muons above 1 GeV×sec(θ) energy, incident from a zenith angle θ. We developed a simulation framework based on the GEANT4 toolkit to evaluate the response of shower particles such as muons, γ-rays, electrons and hadrons in the G3MT. We discuss the geometric modeling of the G3MT using GEANT4 starting with the proportional counter. We estimated the punch-through contribution of hadrons in the G3MT. We compare the simulated muon multiplicity distributions with the observed ones assuming PCR composition from a four population supernova remnant acceleration model namely H4a.

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Cosmic ray energy spectrum and composition measurements from the GRAPES-3 experiment: Latest results

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Cosmic Ray Indirect Rapporteur Report (37th ICRC )

Cosmic Ray Indirect Rapporteur Report (37th ICRC )

Energy spectra of light and heavy primary cosmic rays in the energy range from 10 TeV to 100 PeV

A GEANT4 based simulation framework for the large area muon telescope of the GRAPES-3 experiment

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