Cosmological Model Tests with JWST

Abstract

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), which has recently become operational, is capable of detecting objects at record-breaking redshifts, z≳15. This is a crucial advance for observational cosmology, as at these redshifts the differences between alternative cosmological models manifest themselves in the most obvious way. In recent years, some observational hints have emerged indicating that the Standard Cosmological Model could require correcting. One of these hints is related to the discovery of remote galaxies whose redshifts correspond to the very young Universe (less than one billion years after the Big Bang) but which are similar to nearby galaxies. The issue is that such galaxies in the early Universe do not have enough time to evolve into something similar to the late-Universe galaxies. JWST observations of high-redshift objects are expected to shed light on the origin of this issue. Here we provide results on performing the “angular diameter—redshift” cosmological test for the first JWST observation data. We compare this result with predictions of the standard ΛCDM cosmological model and some static cosmological models, including Zwicky’s “tired-light” model. The latter is currently assumed to be ruled out by observations. We challenge this assumption and show that a static model can provide a natural and straightforward way of solving the puzzle of the well-evolved galaxies and better agreements with the results of the JWST “angular diameter—redshift” test at high redshifts than the correcting evolution model within the ΛCDM framework. We discuss several cosmological tests that will be important for further research on the possibility of revising the expanding Universe paradigm.

Elliptical Space as the Possible Origin of Matter

“…The match on the cosmological scale is of the same level of accuracy as of the standard cosmological model. Meanwhile, the latter is currently experiencing severe problems due to the emerging observational evidence from the JWST that the standard model's prediction with respect to the age of the Universe is largely incorrect [47][48][49][50]. The model discussed can resolve this dilemma.…”

Constraining dark energy cosmologies with spatial curvature using Supernovae JWST forecasting

“…A further study about the first galaxies discovered by JWST was carried out in [59]. It is important to notice that this study is within the framework of the standard cosmological ΛCDM model.…”

“…It is important to notice that this study is within the framework of the standard cosmological ΛCDM model. Therefore, the JWST dataset includes near and mid-infrared images and near-infrared spectra to perform analyses based on cosmographic theories of the angular size-redshift relationship [59]. The ΛCDM interpretation of JWST observations is compared with the interpretation based on Zwicky's static universe model [60], where the origin of the cosmological redshift can be explained through the photon-energy loss mechanism.…”

Energy Based True Definition of Cosmic Red Shift and Quantum Halt of the Current Universe Having Light Speed Rotation

“…At any location and in any direction, universe is homogeneous and isotropic. Most recent observations on cosmic microwave background radiation pertaining temperature and polarization anisotropy strongly suggest the possibility of considering a positively curved universe [23,24,25].…”