Coumarin Derivatives: Mechanistic Insights and Promising Applications as Potential Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Therapeutic Agents

Abstract

In this review, the therapeutic potential of coumarin derivatives for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is examined. Coumarin derivatives are intriguing options for treating AD since they have a variety of chemical structures and display a wide range of pharmacological properties. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme, which can improve cognitive function by boosting cholinergic neurotransmission, is inhibited by these compounds, which underlies their possible therapeutic effects. As a result of acetylcholinesterase inhibition provided by coumarin derivatives, cholinergic neurotransmission and cognitive performance are boosted. They also have anti‐oxidant and anti‐inflammatory qualities, which can mitigate the oxidative stress and neuroinflammation seen in AD. In addition, amyloid‐beta aggregation and tau hyperphosphorylation are decreased by coumarin derivatives, demonstrating the neuroprotective properties of these compounds. To properly assess their effectiveness, safety, and ideal dosage in AD patients, more studies and clinical trials are nonetheless required. Overall, coumarin derivatives hold promise as potential therapeutic options for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and continued investigation will contribute to the development of effective treatments for this devastating disease.