Coupling coordination between environment, economy and tourism: A case study of China

Abstract

How to achieve the sustainable and coordinated development of the ecological environment, the economy and tourism has already received much attention. In this paper, a comprehensive evaluation index system of the ecological environment, the economy and tourism is established, and the coupling degrees and coordination degrees of the three subsystems of 31 provinces in China from 2003 to 2017 are calculated. The results show that the average coupling degree and average coordination degree have fluctuating upward trends during the period of 2003-2017. According to the spatial distribution of the coupling degrees and coordination degrees, the coastal provinces and Chongqing, with their high ecological environment pressure and good economic development, have low coupling and extremely high coordination levels. The vast central and western provinces with good ecological environment protection and economic backwardness have high coupling and low coordination development level. From the perspective of coordinated development, only seven of the western provinces and three middle-eastern provinces possess basic coordinated development of the ecological environment, the economy and tourism. The remaining 21 provinces are over-utilizing or sacrificing their ecological environments, among which eleven eastern provinces have an advanced economy or advanced tourism and five southwestern provinces with high tourism resource endowments have an advanced tourism.

Analysis on the Coupling Relationship and Coordinated Development between the Construction of Ethnic Minority Tourist Towns and the Tourism Industry

“…Tourism is not only an economic phenomenon, but also a social and cultural phenomenon with high demands on the ecological environment [30,31]. From this perspective, the development of the tourism industry and the construction of small towns are at the same level of mutual influence and coordination between economy and economy, society and society, resource environment and resource environment, similar to the abovementioned coupling and coordination phenomenon [17,32,33]. This article refers to economic coupling coordination, social coupling coordination, resource environment coupling coordination [34].…”

“…MacCnanell proposed that the search for tourist attraction "authenticity" has become the motivation of tourists to travel [20] and the market demand for the authenticity of ethnic minority culture in the development of ethnic tourism [50]. Seeking opinions from experts and using the high frequency index used by CNKI and SCI databases in recent years on the "minority characteristic tourist town", the indicator system of the construction of ethnic minority characteristic tourist towns mainly includes three primary indicators: economic indicators, social indicators, and resource and environmental indicators [6,17,19,32,51], and there are 24 secondary indicators. A lot of relevant studies on tourism industry evaluation and the index system are relatively mature.…”

“…(1) Determine the index weight The index weight of the article is calculated by the entropy method based on expert consultation [17], and the results are shown in Table 1. Proceed as follows:…”

“…Xi believed that tourism development can induce changes in the spatial layout of residential areas [16]. Second, the coordinated development of urban unilateral factors such as tourism and ecological environment, culture, and transportation in medium and large cities [17]. Third, the coordinated development of tourism and urban construction in large cities or urban agglomerations [12,18,19].…”

Research on the degree of coupling of the Internet development level and agricultural——Ecological efficiency based on 2009–2018 data from 13 major grain-producing areas in China

“…Coupling coordination theory can be used to describe the degree of interaction between two or more subsystems, and it has been widely used in the study of coordination relationships between two systems [18]. Shi et al analyzed the coupling coordination between economic development and the ecological environment in the tropical and subtropical regions of China [19].…”