Coupling nanoliter high‐performance liquid chromatography to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for arsenic speciation

Abstract

Nanoliter high-performance liquid chromatography shows low consumption of solvents and samples, offering one of the best choices for arsenic speciation in precious samples in combination with inuctively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. A systematic investigation on coupling nanoliter high-performance liquid chromatography to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry from instrument design to injected sample volume and mobile phase was performed in this study. Nanoflow mobile phase was delivered by flow splitting using a conventional high-pressure pump with reuse of mobile phase waste. Dead volume was minimized to 60 nL for the sheathless interface based on the previously developed nanonebulizer. Capillary columns for nanoliter high-performance liquid chromatography were found to be sensitive to sample loading volume. An apparent difference was also found between the mobile phases for nanoliter and conventional high-performance liquid chromatography. Baseline separation of arsenite, arsenate, monomethylarsenic, and dimethylarsenic was achieved within 11 min on a 15 cm C capillary column and within 12 min on a 25 cm strong anion exchange column. Detection limits of 0.9-1.8 μg/L were obtained with precisions variable in the range of 1.6-4.2%. A good agreement between determined and certified values of a certified reference material of human urine (GBW 09115) validated its accuracy along with good recoveries (87-102%).

Determination and Assessment of the Toxic Heavy Metal Elements Abstracted from the Traditional Plant Cosmetics and Medical Remedies: Case Study of Libya

“…Indeed, the accurate determination of heavy metals in cosmetics is important as they have a narrow range of safety between adequate amounts and excessive consumption. Among the various methods proposed for heavy metals analysis in cosmetic products, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is the most frequently used due to its relative simplicity, low sample volume requirements, and low detection limits [72,73]. A method using microwave acid digestion, followed by ICP-MS determination for the analysis of heavy metal content in the henna and walnut tree bark samples was used for this study.…”

Arsenic quantification techniques and ISO/IEC 17025 accreditation in Brazil

“…One study presented a lower LOQ when using solid phase extraction (SPE) coupled to ET AAS, obtaining 0.006 μg L -1 in the determination of As(III) and As(V), but it should be noted that other species were not determined (Hassanpoor et al 2015). Using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with ICP MS, Liu e Cai (2013) obtained values between 0.13 and 1.66 μg L -1 , Komorowicz and Barałkiewicz (2016) between 0.22 and 0.39 µg L -1 and Cheng et al (2018) between 3.00 and 5.90 μg L -1 for the determination of As III, As V, MMA, and DMA. Where in addition to the previous species, Komorowicz and Barałkiewicz (2016) also determined AsB and Liu and Cai (2013) quantified ROX and AsA.…”

“…In addition to total As quantification, speciation techniques are important to detect and quantify many of As species, which may occur in organic or inorganic forms and in different valence states, with implications on their bioavailability and toxicity (Abdul et al, 2015;Moe et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2018). Some hyphenated techniques consider chromatography and capillary electrophoresis (Khan et al, 2015;Ma et al, 2016;Cheng et al, 2018;García-Rico et al, 2019); ion chromatography (Zhu et al, 2017), ultraviolet spectroscopy and capillary electrophoresis (CE UV) (Lee et al, 2018) for the separation of species.…”

Speciation Analysis of Trace Arsenic, Mercury, Selenium and Antimony in Environmental and Biological Samples Based on Hyphenated Techniques

“…In this sense, methanol is more widely used than acetonitrile for RPC mobile phases [109,111]. Meanwhile, desolvation the liquid aerosol before it reaches the ICP, simple flow splitting after the HPLC column, or the use of a small bore or microbore column is also adopted to reduce the amount of organic solvent introduced into the detector [98,173,174].…”