COVID-19 associated mucormycosis: evolving technologies for early and rapid diagnosis

Samson, R.A.; Dharne, Mahesh

doi:10.1007/s13205-021-03080-4

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 173 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Silicon, metals, polymers, ceramics, glass and, more recently, nanocomposite materials have all been used to create micro-needle devices (34). Historically, infectious illnesses, such as tuberculosis, were diagnosed using micro-needle based platforms (35).…”

Section: Future Diagnostic Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucormycosis diagnosis revisited: Current and emerging diagnostic methodologies for the invasive fungal infection (Review)

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mucormycosis, which is a life threatening condition, is one of the side effects experienced by post-COVID-19 patients. Early identification and timely treatment are essential to stop the dissemination of the disease, since invasive mucormycosis has a very high fatality rate and significant disease dispersion. Conventional diagnostic techniques, including clinical diagnosis, serology, histopathology and radiology, have limitations in diagnosing the disease at an early stage. This warrants the need for advanced diagnostic tools such as nucleic acid diagnostics, advanced serological tests (ELISpot), PCR (pan-Mucorale test) and multiplex PCR. These techniques have been introduced to identify this invasive fungal infection at an incipient stage, thereby helping clinicians to prevent adverse outcomes. The use of biosensors and micro-needle based diagnostic methodologies will pave the way for devising more point-of-care tests that can be employed for the detection of mucormycosis at an incipient stage. The present review discusses the current techniques available and their drawbacks, and the usefulness of advanced diagnostic tools. Furthermore, the possibility of using future diagnostic methods for the diagnosis of mucormycosis is highlighted.

show abstract

Section: Future Diagnostic Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucormycosis diagnosis revisited: Current and emerging diagnostic methodologies for the invasive fungal infection (Review)

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The present multi-site, nationwide study clearly depicted that the trend of CAM cases in hospitals in India peaked during the month of May 2021, about a month following the peak in admission of COVID-19 cases in April of the same year. This could probably be explained by complex immune response due to SARS-CoV-2 infection leading to a stage of immunosuppression after the initial cytokine storm, particularly during the second week of infection [ 16 , 17 ]. Immunosuppression due to COVID-19 associated treatment with steroid could have further compounded this phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case control investigation of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis in India

Anand

Mukherjee²,

Satija³

et al. 2022

BMC Infect Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Increased occurrence of mucormycosis during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in early 2021 in India prompted us to undertake a multi-site case–control investigation. The objectives were to examine the monthly trend of COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis (CAM) cases among in-patients and to identify factors associated with development of CAM. Methods Eleven study sites were involved across India; archived records since 1st January 2021 till 30th September 2021 were used for trend analysis. The cases and controls were enrolled during 15th June 2021 to 30th September 2021. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Among 1211 enrolled participants, 336 were CAM cases and 875 were COVID-19 positive non-mucormycosis controls. Results CAM-case admissions reached their peak in May 2021 like a satellite epidemic after a month of in-patient admission peak recorded due to COVID-19. The odds of developing CAM increased with the history of working in a dusty environment (adjusted odds ratio; aOR 3.24, 95% CI 1.34, 7.82), diabetes mellitus (aOR: 31.83, 95% CI 13.96, 72.63), longer duration of hospital stay (aOR: 1.06, 95% CI 1.02, 1.11) and use of methylprednisolone (aOR: 2.71, 95% CI 1.37, 5.37) following adjustment for age, gender, occupation, education, type of houses used for living, requirement of ventilatory support and route of steroid administration. Higher proportion of CAM cases required supplemental oxygen compared to the controls; use of non-rebreather mask (NRBM) was associated as a protective factor against mucormycosis compared to face masks (aOR: 0.18, 95% CI 0.08, 0.41). Genomic sequencing of archived respiratory samples revealed similar occurrences of Delta and Delta derivates of SARS-CoV-2 infection in both cases and controls. Conclusions Appropriate management of hyperglycemia, judicious use of steroids and use of NRBM during oxygen supplementation among COVID-19 patients have the potential to reduce the risk of occurrence of mucormycosis. Avoiding exposure to dusty environment would add to such prevention efforts.

show abstract

“…The present multi-site, nationwide study clearly depicted the trend of CAM cases in hospitals in India peaking during the month of May 2021, approximately a month following the peak in COVID-19 cases in April of the same year. This could probably be explained by complex immune response due to SARS CoV-2 infection leading to a stage of immunosuppression after the initial cytokine storm, particularly during the second week of infection [14,15]. Immunosuppression occurring due to COVID-19 associated treatment with steroid could further compound this phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case control investigation of COVID-19 associated Mucormycosis in India

Anand

Mukherjee

Satija

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Increased occurrence of mucormycosis in India during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2021 in India subsequently prompted us to undertake a multi-site case-control investigation. The objectives were to examine the monthly trend of Covid-19 Associated Mucormycosis (CAM) cases among in-patients and to identify factors associated with it.Methods: Eleven study sites were involved across India and archived records since 1st January till 30th September, 2021 were used for trend analysis. The cases and controls were enrolled during 15th June 2021 to 30th September 2021. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Among 1211 enrolled participants, 336 were CAM cases and 875 were COVID-19 positive non-mucormycosis controls. Results: Admitted CAM-case number reached highest point in May 2021 after a month of peak admission for COVID-19. Odds of developing CAM increased with the history of working in a dusty environment (adjusted odds ratio; aOR 3.24, 95%CI: 1.34, 7.82), diabetes mellitus (aOR: 31.83, 95%CI: 13.96, 72.63), longer duration of hospital stay (aOR: 1.06, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.11) and use of methyl prednisolone (aOR: 2.71, 95%CI: 1.37, 5.37) following adjustment for age, gender, occupation, education, type of houses used for living, requirement of ventilatory support and route of steroid administration. Higher proportion of CAM cases required supplemental oxygen compared to the controls; use of non-rebreather mask (NRBM) was associated as a protective factor against mucormycosis compared to face masks (aOR: 0.18, 95%CI: 0.08, 0.41). Genomic sequencing of archived respiratory samples showed similar presence of Delta and Delta derivates in both cases and controls.Conclusions: Appropriate management of hyperglycemia, judicious use of steroids and use of NRBM during oxygen supplementation among COVID-19 patients bear the potential to reduce the risk of occurrence of mucormycosis. Avoiding exposure to dusty environment would add to prevention efforts.

show abstract

COVID-19 associated mucormycosis: evolving technologies for early and rapid diagnosis

Cited by 19 publications

References 173 publications

Mucormycosis diagnosis revisited: Current and emerging diagnostic methodologies for the invasive fungal infection (Review)

Mucormycosis diagnosis revisited: Current and emerging diagnostic methodologies for the invasive fungal infection (Review)

A case control investigation of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis in India

A case control investigation of COVID-19 associated Mucormycosis in India

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About