COVID-19 associated mucormycosis in head and neck region of children during current pandemic: Our experiences

Swain, Santosh Kumar; Jena, Pragnya Paramita; Lenka, Smarita

doi:10.5114/polp.2021.109300

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…28 In a case series including 12 pediatric patients with COVID-19-associated mucormycosis, 4 patients had orbital manifestations. 29 Among these patients, two received high-dose steroids for managing COVID-19-associated inflammation; one had a history of uncontrolled type 1 diabetes, and one had no co-morbidity. ROCM is common in immunocompromised patients due to diabetes or prolonged exposure to systemic corticosteroids, specifically in the rural communities where there is high exposure to spores of fungi belonging to mucormycetes.…”

Section: Adnexal Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular manifestations of COVID-19 in pediatric patients

et al. 2023

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The coronavirus disease–19 (COVID-19) infection may remain asymptomatic or may have several different presentations. Although this disease primarily affects the respiratory system, systemic manifestations affecting the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, neurological, otorhinolaryngologic, and ophthalmic systems have been reported. Ophthalmic signs may be the first and only sign of COVID-19 infection in children. In the current narrative review, we report the ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19 in the pediatric age cohort. We performed a comprehensive literature search for the publications on ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19 in children between 1 March 2020 and 1 January 2022 and compiled the ophthalmic manifestations of this entity among the pediatric population. Conjunctivitis is the most common ophthalmic manifestation in children and can develop at any stage of the disease. Ophthalmic manifestations are seen more commonly in children with severe systemic disease. Long-term and indirect consequence of the COVID-19 disease is the rise of myopia among children. Ophthalmic signs may be the first and only sign of COVID-19 infection in children. Pediatricians, as well as ophthalmologists, must keep observing all children with COVID-19 closely for ophthalmic signs.

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Section: Adnexal Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular manifestations of COVID-19 in pediatric patients

et al. 2023

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Mortality-Related Risk Factors for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)-Associated Mucormycosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Ostovan

Tabrizi

Bazrafshan

et al. 2022

Curr Fungal Infect Rep

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Purpose of Review Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can increase the susceptibility of individuals to contracting mucormycosis through several mechanisms. Nowadays, coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-associated mucormycosis (CAM) is a serious public health concern, particularly in developing countries. This meta-analysis aims to identify the risk factors that affect the mortality rate of patients with CAM. Recent Findings We systematically searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane library, and preprint databases using pertinent keywords and the reference lists of the included relevant articles from inception till October 27, 2021. In order to reduce the effects of small-scale studies, we only selected cross-sectional, case–control, and cohort studies and case series with at least four patients. We identified 26 articles that included 821 patients with CAM. The effect size (ES) of mortality rate was 28% (95% confidence interval (CI) 20%–38%; I 2 =82.28%; p for Cochran Q<0.001). The CAM patients with a history of comorbidities other than diabetes (malignancies, transplant, or renal failure), mechanical ventilation due to COVID-19, pulmonary and cerebral mucormycosis, and those who only received medical treatment for mucormycosis had the highest mortality rate. Summary Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-associated mucormycosis (CAM) is a major public health problem, particularly in developing countries. Severe COVID-19 infection, history of mechanical ventilation, early CAM, comorbidities other than diabetes (malignancies, transplant, or renal failure), pulmonary and rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis, and delivering only medical treatment for mucormycosis were the worst prognostic factors in CAM patients. Identifying the mortality-related risk factors in CAM patients may help reduce the mortality rate by implementing optimized treatment approaches. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12281-022-00440-2.

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Sinonasal Mucormycosis with an Unusual Involvement of Palate

Swain

2022

Apollo Medicine

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Mucormycosis is a deadly opportunistic infection caused by a saprophytic fungus from the Phycomycte family in the order Mucorales. [1] Mucorales are saprophytes that can be found in decomposing organic materials and in the soil. These fungi are usually found on soil, manure, and fruits or vegetables. [2] The nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are often affected by fungal infection through inhaled dust. [1] The common predisposing factors for mucormycosis are diabetic ketoacidosis and neutropenic conditions. This potentially fatal infection has a strong predilection for arteries. The fungi for mucormycosis are nonpathogenic but result in opportunistic serious infection in patients of diabetes mellitus, elderly age, under cytotoxic drugs, renal failure, leukemia, cirrhosis, and severe burns. [2] Mucormycosis spread into orbit and brain leading to meningoencephalitis and cavernous sinus thrombosis which cause headache, facial swelling, orbital cellulitis, proptosis, loss of vision, ophthalmoplegia, necrosis of turbinates and palate as well as osteomyelitis of the bones in the facial area. [3] The majority of the case reports of mucormycosis involving the facial area have been disseminated with orbital and intracranial involvement. In this report, we present a case of sinonasal mucormycosis that manifested as ulcers on the palate. case rePortA 55-year-old man presented to the otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic with concerns of left nasal obstruction for 1 month and ulcers on the roof of the mouth for the past 15 days. There was mild pain on the left side of the face and a burning sensation in the roof of the oral cavity. He had a history of nasal discharge for 20 days from the left nostril. Around 15 days back, he developed ulcers over the palate, which rapidly increased in size and was interfering with swallowing food and interfering speech. He was known case of diabetes mellitus and was diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection 1 year back but recovered with

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COVID-19 associated mucormycosis in head and neck region of children during current pandemic: Our experiences

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Ocular manifestations of COVID-19 in pediatric patients

Ocular manifestations of COVID-19 in pediatric patients

Mortality-Related Risk Factors for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)-Associated Mucormycosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sinonasal Mucormycosis with an Unusual Involvement of Palate

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