“…Several rivers in India like the Ganges, Yamuna, Kaveri, and Krishna have faced these consequences. 3,4 Industrial wastes are abundant in strong acids and bases and other pollutants which alter the pH of the river waters, threatening the riverine and transitional ecosystems. The discharge also contains heavy metals such as cadmium, mercury, lead, arsenic, nickel, iron, etc., which accumulate in the water and are oen consumed by marine organisms, eventually entering the food chain.…”