Cow and Calf Performance and Economic Considerations of Early Weaning of Fall-Born Beef Calves2

Peterson, G.A.; Turner, Thomas B.; Irvin, K. M.; Davis, Michael; Newland, H. W.; Harvey, W. R.

doi:10.2527/jas1987.64115x

Cited by 45 publications

(38 citation statements)

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Section: Canadian Journal Of Animal Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peterson et al (1987) reported that calves weaned at 110 d of age were 43% more efficient in converting total digestible nutrients (TDN) into calf gain than calves weaned at 210 d of age. Peterson et al (1987) also found that early-weaned cows consumed 20% less TDN than cows still nursing their calf. Myers et al (1999) found that cows weaned at 170 d had 0.23 units higher BCS (scale of 1-9) than cows weaned at 225 d. Wyatt et al (1976) concluded that early-weaned calves need to be on a growing diet that provides an ADG similar to that achieved on the cow, otherwise early-weaned calves would not finish at an acceptable slaughter weight.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Alternative fall and winter feeding systems for spring calving beef cows

McCartney

Basarab²,

Okine³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 2004. Alternative fall and winter feeding systems for spring calving beef cows. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 84: 511-522. This study evaluated the effects of early (EW) and late (LW) weaning on calf post-weaning growth performance and carcass characteristics. It also quantified the effects of EW and LW in combination with three winter feeding strategies on cow growth, reproductive performance and cost of production. EW calves were weaned in late August, while LW calves were weaned 56 d later in late October. The three cow winter feeding strategies were: (1) traditional (TD), or straw fed ad libitum and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) silage fed every day; (2) alternate day (AD), or straw fed ad libitum and equivalent amounts of barley silage fed every second day (AD); and (3) swath graze (SG), or swath grazing whole-plant barley, cut in the soft dough stage. The study was conducted over three production cycles (1997/1998, 1998/1999 and 1999/2000). EW calves weighing 213 kg and fed a backgrounding diet (82% barley silage: 18% concentrate) for 56 d, grew 0.36 kg d -1 (EW = 0.61 ± 0.02 kg d -1 ; LW = 0.97 ± 0.02 kg d -1 ; P < 0.001) slower from early to late weaning than LW calves (210 kg) on pasture nursing their mothers. Over the next 124-128 d, EW and LW calves fed the backgrounding diet grew similarly at 0.95 ± 0.01 and 0.93 ± 0.02 kg d -1 , respectively. Both groups of calves also grew similarly during the finishing phase (EW = 1.56 ± 0.04 kg d -1 ; LW = 1.53 ± 0.05 kg d -1 ; P = 0.62), such that at slaughter, EW and LW calves were the same age (461 ± 4 vs. 455 ± 5 d, P = 0.326) and weight (522 ± 5 vs. 515 ± 6 kg, P = 0.390), with similar levels of carcass backfat, yield and quality grade. EW cows weighed 12 to 15 kg more (P < 0.01) in mid-November (first winter feeding), mid-February (pre-calving) and late-May (prebreeding) and tended to have a shorter calving span (49 vs. 62 d, P = 0.07) than the LW cows. Calving interval, calving pattern and cumulative open and cull rates, monitored over three consecutive production cycles, were similar for EW and LW cows. Differences (P < 0.05) in body weight were observed between winter feeding treatments. SG cows had the lowest weight (605 kg) and backfat thickness (4.5 mm) at pre-breeding; AD cows were intermediate (623 kg and 5.1 mm); and TD cows were heaviest (639 kg) with the most backfat (6.4 mm). Calving interval, length of the calving span, calving pattern and cumulative open and cull rates were similar among the winter feeding strategies for cows monitored over three production cycles. Swath grazing required 38.4% less labour than traditional feeding and 20.9% less labour than alternate day winter feeding. Total cash cost over the first 100 d of winter feeding for the SG winter feeding strategy was $70.00 cow -1 less than TD (45.5%) and $56.70 cow -1 less than AD (40.4%) winter feeding strategies. On average, 300 and 314 cow swath grazing d ha -1 were required to cover the cost of feed in the TD and AD winter feeding strategies, respectively. Key words:Beef cows, Western Ca...

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Section: Canadian Journal Of Animal Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative fall and winter feeding systems for spring calving beef cows

McCartney

Basarab²,

Okine³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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show abstract

“…Vacas que foram desterneiradas precocemente, em relação às do desmame tradicional (sete meses), apresentaram maior ganho de peso no período de serviço, maior taxa de prenhez e menor intervalo do parto à iniciação da atividade ovariana (LUSBY et al, 1981;NEVILLE JR. et al, 1981; e RESTLE et al, 1992), apresentando maior eficiência alimentar, quando avaliada somente a vaca ou o conjunto formado pelo bezerro e vaca (PETERSON et al, 1987). Segundo RESTLE e VAZ (1998), o desmame precoce pode prejudicar o adequado desenvolvimento do bezerro.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Nível de proteína bruta para bezerros de corte desmamados aos 66 dias de idade

Pascoal

Eifert²,

Restle

2000

R. Bras. Zootec.

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RESUMO -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o consumo médio diário de matéria seca (CMS), CMS por 100 kg de peso vivo (CMSP), CMS por unidade de peso metabólico (CMSM), a conversão alimentar (CA) e o ganho de peso médio diário (GMD) de bezerros de corte, alimentados com diferentes níveis de proteína bruta (PB) na dieta. Foram utilizados 47 bezerros inteiros, da raça Braford, desmamados aos 66 dias de idade com peso médio de 76,4 kg. Os animais foram alimentados à vontade com silagem de aveia e concentrado (50/50), com níveis de 13, 15, 17 e 19% de PB na dieta total. O período de adaptação ao alimento e manejo foi de 21 dias. Os animais foram pesados com jejum de sólidos de 14 horas, a intervalos regulares de 21 dias durante o período experimental de 84 dias. Verificou-se, por meio da análise de regressão linear e múltipla, que não ocorreram efeitos significativos relacionando o CMS, CMSP, CMSM, CA e GMD e o nível de PB na dieta. Observou-se que CMS, CMSP e CMSM aumentaram linearmente com o avanço do período experimental, demonstrando o aumento da capacidade de ingestão com o aumento do peso vivo. Os valores de GMD obtidos foram de 644; 701; 693 e 730 g/dia para os níveis de 13; 15; 17 e 19% de PB na dieta, respectivamente. Os ganhos de peso foram superiores àqueles normalmente atingidos ao pé da vaca em condições de campo nativo ou desmamados precocemente e mantidos em pastagem cultivada.Palavras-chave: Braford, consumo, crescimento, desmame precoce, ganho de peso, nível de proteína, silagem de aveia Level of Crude Protein for Beef Calves Weaned at 66 Days of AgeABSTRACT -The objective of this work was to evaluate the average daily dry matter intake (DMI), DMI per 100 kg of live weight (DMIP), DMI per unit of metabolic weight (DMIM), feed: gain (FG) and average daily weight gain (ADG) of beef calves fed with different levels of crude protein in the diet. Forty-seven Braford intact male calves, 66 days old and 76.4 kg of live weight were used. Animals were full fed with oat silage and concentrate (50/50), with 13; 15; 17 and 19% of CP in diet. The adaptation period to the feed and handling was 21 days. The calves were weighted after a fasting period of 14 hours, in regular intervals of 21 days across the experimental period of 84 days. Data were submitted to regression analysis. No significant relation was detected between DMI, DMIP, DMIM, FC, and ADG with the level of crude protein in the diet. The DMI, DMIP and DMIM linearly increased as the experimental period advanced, indicating the increase of the ingestion capacity with the increase of live weight. The values for ADG obtained were 644; 701; 693 and 730 g/day, for the 13; 15; 17 and 19% of CP levels, respectively. The obtained ADG were higher than to those normally obtained by calves suckling their dams and kept on native pasture or early weaned and kept on cultivated pasture. IntroduçãoA pecuária de corte brasileira apresenta índices de produtividade baixos, quando comparados aos de países mais desenvolvidos. Aumentar os índices de produtividade é neces...

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“…Although the economic analysis in the current study was up to weaning, Barker-Neef et al [15] suggested that early weaning results in reduced returns to a cow-calf enterprise if ownership of calves was retained through harvest due to substantially lighter carcass weights. Peterson et al [16] reported that early weaning resulted in $(US) 95.26 less on net income than for normal weaned cow-calf pairs. This benefit reported by [16] was primarily due to shifting costs from cow winter feed costs to the early-weaned calf.…”

Section: Early Weaning Steer Calvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peterson et al [16] reported that early weaning resulted in $(US) 95.26 less on net income than for normal weaned cow-calf pairs. This benefit reported by [16] was primarily due to shifting costs from cow winter feed costs to the early-weaned calf.…”

Section: Early Weaning Steer Calvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economics of early weaning in northern great plains beef cattle production system

Mulliniks¹,

Waterman²,

Geary³

2013

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Early removal of the calf from its dam reduces forage needs of the cow-calf enterprise and has been found to improve BW gain and pregnancy rates in the cow herd. However, early weaning may not always be economically viable for producers and the risk should be considered carefully. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of early and normal weaning of steer and heifer calves on net income at weaning. Calves from Angus × Hereford dams were randomly assigned to one of two weaning treatments. Calves were either early weaned (EW) at 80-d of age or remained with their dams until normal weaning (NW) at 213-d of age. Calves assigned to EW treatment received a 17.5% crude protein and 0.82 Mcal/kg net energy diet for approximately 130-d in a drylot. All economic analyses were conducted at normal weaning for both NW and EW calves. At normal weaning, price of steers ($US/kg) was lower (P = 0.003) and weaned steer value ($US/steer) was greater (P < 0.01) for EW steers; however, no difference (P = 0.18) was found in price of heifers ($US/kg) and weaned heifer value ($US/heifer) between NW and EW heifers. Feed cost was increased (P < 0.001) in EW steers and heifers compared to NW calves. Net revenue for both weaned steers and heifers was reduced (P < 0.001) in EW calves due to the feed cost of the growing diet. This study indicates that early weaning calves at 80-d of age decrease weaned calf value and net revenue for the cow-calf segment.

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Cow and Calf Performance and Economic Considerations of Early Weaning of Fall-Born Beef Calves2

Cited by 45 publications

References 0 publications

Alternative fall and winter feeding systems for spring calving beef cows

Alternative fall and winter feeding systems for spring calving beef cows

Nível de proteína bruta para bezerros de corte desmamados aos 66 dias de idade

Economics of early weaning in northern great plains beef cattle production system

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