1991
DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(91)90197-j
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CpG islands: features and distribution in the genomes of vertebrates

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Cited by 91 publications
(44 citation statements)
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“…In vertebrates, the compositional patterns of isochores and of coding sequences, as well as the GC 3 levels of orthologous coding sequences, were found to be strikingly different between fish/ amphibians on the one hand and mammals/birds on the other, reptiles showing intermediate patterns (17,(44)(45)(46)(47). More precisely, at the transition between cold-and warm-blooded vertebrates, the moderately GC-rich ancestral genome core of coldblooded vertebrates underwent a remarkable GC increase to become the genome core of mammals and birds (48) (see Fig.…”
Section: Compositional Evolution: Genome Phenotypes and The Transitimentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In vertebrates, the compositional patterns of isochores and of coding sequences, as well as the GC 3 levels of orthologous coding sequences, were found to be strikingly different between fish/ amphibians on the one hand and mammals/birds on the other, reptiles showing intermediate patterns (17,(44)(45)(46)(47). More precisely, at the transition between cold-and warm-blooded vertebrates, the moderately GC-rich ancestral genome core of coldblooded vertebrates underwent a remarkable GC increase to become the genome core of mammals and birds (48) (see Fig.…”
Section: Compositional Evolution: Genome Phenotypes and The Transitimentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The reason for this is not well understood, but it is known that there is a general correlation between GC content and CpG/GpC dinucleotide ratios in all mammalian DNA sequences, including exons, introns, CpG islands, mammalian viruses, and long genomic sequences (Bernardi et al 1985;Aïssani and Bernardi 1991a;Bernardi 1993b;Jabbari and Bernardi 1998). The simplicity and reproducibility of this correlation may reflect a fundamental process underlying the molecular evolution of isochores ( fig.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The curve shown was obtained by the method of least squares, has a correlation coefficient of 0.856, and corresponds to equation (1). An additional data point at the top, only in A, represents the median of 12 human CpG islands (Aïssani and Bernardi 1991a). B, The TpG/GpT dinucleotide ratio versus the CpG/GpC dinucleotide ratio.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3 Within a normal cell the majority of methylation is found within CpG-poor regions and repetitive sequences such as LINEs, SINEs and Alu sequences, while CpG islands, predominantly located within promoter regions of genes, are free of methylation. 4 DNA methylation patterns are established during development 5 by DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and the de novo methyltransferases DNMT3a and b. 6 However, imprinted genes, genes that are expressed either from the maternal or paternal allele, are differentially methylated and this methylation is established during germ cell development and is maintained throughout embryonic development 7,8 despite the global demethylation event which occurs early in embroygenesis.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%