Creating breathing cities by adopting urban ventilation assessment and wind corridor plan – The implementation in Chinese cities

Ren, Chao; Yang, Ruozi; Cheng, Chen; Xing, Pei; Fang, Xiaoyi; Zhang, Shuo; Wang, Hong; Shi, Yuan; Zhang, Xuyi; Kwok, Yu Ting; Ng, Edward

doi:10.1016/j.jweia.2018.09.023

Cited by 114 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A more strategic and integrated process could help to ensure that multiple ventilation corridors are provided to the areas of the city that need them most (Ren et al 2018;. The VCP model is a flexible tool to facilitate this process by providing a potential approach to evaluate ventilation that "seeks to steer spatial planning about an integrated background wind environment, ventilation potential, and heat island intensity" (Meerow and Newell 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, it has been shown that building height variations can be beneficial in terms of breathability levels (Chen et al 2017;Wen, Juan, and Yang 2017), while larger aspect ratios of urban canyons can lead to higher pollutant concentrations inside the street (He, Ding, and Prasad 2019;Kruger, Minella, and Rasia 2011;Liu, Leung, and Barth 2005). The impact of meteorological parameters, such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and humidity are also extremely important for urban ventilation (Lau and Ngan 2018;Pacifici, Rama, and de Castro 2019;Ren et al 2018). Furthermore, the actual pollutant concentration at street level has been found to be strongly linked to meteorological parameters (Kubilay et al 2017;Yuan et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial planning for urban ventilation corridors by urban climatology

Fang

Zhao

et al. 2020

Ecosyst Health Sustain

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Ventilation corridors in cities can decrease air pollution and alleviate heat island problems but there remains a need to fully assess their effectiveness. Few urban managers have been able to take city-scale approaches to the construction of urban ventilation corridors. This study aimed to introduced the Ventilation Corridor Planning (VCP) model, which is a multi-criteria evaluation method combined with a geographical information system (GIS) to determine where the ventilated environment is most appropriate. Specifically, the VCP model took Bozhou, China as the research object and contained two scales, including mesoscale and local scale. In mesoscale scale, we got three outputs to build urban ventilation corridors, including 1) background wind environment, 2) ventilation potential, 3) heat island intensity. In local scale, we used traditional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to verify the impact of VCP criteria. The results revealed that compared with the traditional CFD model, the proposed VCP model has advantages in establishing a comprehensive evaluation standard. In addition, the application of VCP model in macro and micro also enhances the efficiency of ventilation corridor construction. Overall, this study introduced a effective modeling method to urban ventilation corridors planning, and provide a way to study the urban climate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial planning for urban ventilation corridors by urban climatology

Fang

Zhao

et al. 2020

Ecosyst Health Sustain

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“…Local planning instruments are associated with the capacity to address environmental issues in a flexible, area-oriented approach [118] and for setting environmental objectives according to local conditions and functions. Therefore, novel decision-support tools for urban planners and policy makers, based on the available state-of-the-art methods and scientific procedures, are needed to improve urban ventilation and pollution dispersion [119]. The results of the reviewed studies can be used during the formulation of local spatial development guidelines to improve urban air quality.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Urban Planning Regulations In Gdańsk Warsaw mentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Vegetation in Air Quality Management: A Review and Policy Framework

2020

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Recent episodes of high air pollution concentration levels in many Polish cities indicate the urgent need for policy change and for the integration of various aspects of urban development into a common platform for local air quality management. In this article, the focus was placed on the prospects of improving urban air quality through proper design and protection of vegetation systems within local spatial planning strategies. Recent studies regarding the mitigation of air pollution by urban greenery due to deposition and aerodynamic effects were reviewed, with special attention given to the design guidelines resulting from these studies and their applicability in the process of urban planning. The conclusions drawn from the review were used to conduct three case studies: in Gdańsk, Warsaw, and Poznań, Poland. The existing local urban planning regulations for the management of urban greenery were critically evaluated in relation to the findings of the review. The results indicate that the current knowledge regarding the improvement of urban air quality by vegetation is not applied in the process of urban planning to a sufficient degree. Some recommendations for alternative provisions were discussed.

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“…Since Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) happened in 2003, a series of applicationbased urban climate related governmental consultancy projects have been launched and a range of design measures have been developed and implemented into local planning and development ( Fig. 2) (Ng, 2009;Ren et al, 2011). HKO has been providing technical support and weather records in these consultancy projects.…”

Section: Urban and Building Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated urban services: Experience from four cities on different continents

et al. 2020

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A B S T R A C TRapid urbanization combined with climate change necessitates new types of urban services that make best use of science and technology. The Integrated Urban Hydro-Meteorological, Climate and Environmental Services and systems are a new initiative from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) that seeks to provide science-based integrated urban services supporting safe, healthy and resilient cities. Various cities have already started development and implementation of such Integrated Urban Services and successfully test and use them following specific requirements of local stakeholders. This paper demonstrates the novel concept and approach of Integrated Urban Hydro-Meteorological, Climate and Environmental Services (IUS) from a set of four case study cities: Hong Kong, Toronto, Mexico City and Paris, that use different IUS configurations with good existing practice. These cities represent a range of countries, climates and geophysical settings. The aggregate main joint similarities of the IUS in these cities and synergy of the cities' experience, achievements and research findings are presented, as well as identification of existing gaps in knowledge and further research needs. A list of potential criteria for identifying and classifying IUS demonstration cities is proposed. It will aid future, more detailed analysis of the IUS experience, and selection of additional demonstration cities. Introduction to urban data and services needsUrbanization is an ongoing phenomenon and a growing number of urban settings are particularly vulnerable to weather and climate events, including floods, storms, heat waves, sea-level rise and poor air quality. In addition, urban dwellers are the primary users of energy and resources, and contribute in a significant way to increasing atmospheric greenhouse gasses as well as air pollution. These alterations to the atmosphere from urban to global scales have consequent impacts on human health and the environment. But the urban setting also provides exciting opportunities for scientific advancement in the field of new observations, data assimilation, high resolution coupled modeling and user-specific systems and services for sustainable and climate smart cities.Most (90%) of the disasters affecting urban areas are of a hydro-meteorological nature and these have increased due to climate https://doi.

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Creating breathing cities by adopting urban ventilation assessment and wind corridor plan – The implementation in Chinese cities

Cited by 114 publications

References 29 publications

Spatial planning for urban ventilation corridors by urban climatology

Spatial planning for urban ventilation corridors by urban climatology

Urban Vegetation in Air Quality Management: A Review and Policy Framework

Integrated urban services: Experience from four cities on different continents

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