Crescimento de frutos do meloeiro sob diferentes relações fonte: dreno

Abstract

Palavras-chave:Cucumis melo, matéria seca, cultivo sem solo, carga de frutos, densidade de plantio. ABSTRACTFruit growth of melon plants submitted to different source:sink ratios An experiment was performed under protected environment from September/2004 to January/2005, to evaluate the effect of plant density and the number of fruits per plant on the growth of melon fruits cultivated in raw rice husk with recirculated nutrient solution. Three planting densities (1,7; 2,4 and 3,0 plants m -2 ) and two number of fruits/plant (3 and 4) were studied. From the data of dry and fresh matter, 68 days after setting, the biomass production and distribution to the fruits was established. The fruits comprised from 57 to 62% of the total above-ground dry matter production, which demonstrated that they are the strongest sinks for assimilates in melon. At the end of the vegetative period, the melon plant leaf area, when trained vertically and pruned, is relatively low, which in association with a high solar radiation, avoids an excess of mutual shading among the plants, even at higher planting densities. Thus, the increase of planting density does not affect the distribution of dry and fresh matter to the fruits, increasing the absolute plant and fruit biomass production per square meter. The increment of the number of fruits reduced the average dry weight of the fruits, without affecting the production and the distribution of dry matter of the whole plant and fruits. However, the production and the distribution of fresh matter to the fruits take up a different behavior from that of the dry matter, being both benefited with such an increment.

Cause-and-Effect Relationships in Dry Beans Cultivars Yield Components Under Crop-Livestock System Management

“…As expected, the relationship is inversely proportional which is explained by the source-sink physiology: assimilates are distributed for a greater number of entities and therefore won't fill as much, resulting also in a lower SW. Similar results were observed by Duarte, Peil, and Montezano (2008) for melons, and Zilio et al (2011) which found SP to influence SW negatively. On the other hand, PW generally increases with SW (Table 3).…”

Densidade de plantio, crescimento, produtividade e qualidade das frutas de morangueiro "Camino Real" em hidroponia

“…Como consequência, a partição de matéria seca para as frutas (dada pela relação matéria seca das frutas/ matéria seca total) também não foi afetada pela variação da densidade de plantio. o aumento da densidade de plantio, geralmente, reduz a expansão foliar, diminuindo a produção de matéria seca total da planta e das frutas, prejudicando, também, a partição proporcional de matéria seca e fresca para as frutas e, consequentemente, reduzindo o número de frutas colhidas e a produtividade individual das plantas, conforme verificado em hortaliças de frutos de maior porte, como pepineiro e meloeiro (PEIl; GÁlvEZ, 2002;DUARTE et al, 2008) ou em cultivares de morangueiro de alto vigor e crescimento vegetativo avantajado, quando submetidas a elevadas densidades de plantio (FREEMAn, 1981;STRASSbURGER et al, 2010). o maior sombreamento mútuo e a consequente dificuldade de penetração da radiação solar no interior do dossel reduziriam a quantidade de radiação interceptada individualmente pela planta e a taxa fotossintética, e, por conseguinte, o crescimento e a produtividade da planta sob maior pressão populacional.…”

Biomass accumulation, plant biometrics and fruit production of watermelon according to changes in source/drain relations

“…In Brazil, the crop is important, providing the production of plants with high yield and with high quality of harvested fruits (Lins et al, 2013) (Duarte et al, 2008;Guimarães et al, 2008;Silva et al, 2011).…”

“…Thereby, the source/drain relation must be considered as a coordinate system, in which, considering plants with a limited supply, the number of drains is often reduced through loss of flowers and/or fruits. On the other hand, considering plants with limited drains, the development and/or photosynthetic activity of leaves can also be changed (Marcelis et al, 2004;Duarte et al, 2008).…”

“…Duarte & Peil (2010), studying melons, point out the reduction of the source and drain relation due to the appearance of a new fruit competing, observed more with remaining fruits than with vegetative organs. Thus, the control of the number of growing fruits and the ideal time for pruning are considered useful measures to control the source/drain relation and the balance of assimilates among vegetative organs and fruits in a profitable harvest (Peil & Gálvez, 2005;Duarte et al, 2008;Silva et al, 2011). Thus it is possible that the control of source/drain on watermelon plant can improve the photoassimilates distribution in the plant, reducing the energy necessary to shoot growth, directing it to the growth of the fruit.…”