Crescimento E Produção De Girassol Ornamental Irrigado Com Diferentes Lâminas E Diluições De Água Residuária

Abstract

Crescimento e Produção de girassol ornamental irrigado com diferentes lâminas E diluições de água residuária MARIANA LAYS ANDRADE OLIVEIRA¹; VITAL PEDRO DA SILVA PAZ²; KAROLINE SANTOS GONÇALVES³ E GREICE XIMENA SANTOS OLIVEIRA4 ¹Núcleo de Engenharia de Água e Solo, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, UFRB, Cruz das Almas, BA, mary_lays@hotmail.com²Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, UFRB, Cruz das Almas, BA, vitalpaz@ufrb.edu.br³Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, UFRB, Cruz das Almas, BA, karolinesg@yahoo.com.br4Instituto do Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hídricos do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, BA, gximena@gmail.com 1 RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento e a produção de girassol ornamental submetido à irrigação com diferentes lâminas e diluições de água residuária. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 5x4 com 4 repetições, em casa de vegetação no Núcleo de Engenharia de Água e Solo (NEAS), pertencente à Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, localizada no município de Cruz das Almas - BA. A cultivar utilizada foi a Anão de Jardim e os tratamentos foram constituídos por cinco concentrações de água residuária diluídas em água de abastecimento (0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%) e quatro lâminas de irrigação obtidas a partir das percentagens de evaporação do tanque classe A (70, 90, 110 e 130%). As variáveis analisadas foram: altura da planta (AP), diâmetro do caule (DC), número de folhas (NF), massa fresca e seca da parte aérea (MFPA e MSPA), dias para o aparecimento de botões florais (DABF), dias para o período de floração (DPF), dias para abertura total dos capítulos (DATC), diâmetros internos e externos dos capítulos (DI e DE), massa fresca e seca dos capítulos (MFC e MSC), além da estimativa do consumo hídrico da planta (CH). Os resultados obtidos mostraram que, com exceção da AP, todas as variáveis foram influenciadas pelas lâminas de irrigação ou pelas diluições de água residuária, não havendo influência significativa da interação entre os fatores para nenhuma das variáreis avaliadas. O uso de água residuária e a lâmina de 110% da evaporação do tanque classe A favoreceram o desenvolvimento do girassol. O menor e maior consumo hídrico da cultura foi observado nas lâminas de 70 e 130%, respectivamente. Palavras-chave: Reuso, cv. Anão de jardim, tanque Classe A. OLIVEIRA, M. L. A.; PAZ, V. P. da S.; GONÇALVES, K. S.; OLIVEIRA, G. X. S.GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF ORNAMENTAL SUNFLOWER IRRIGATED WITH DIFFERENT DEPTHS AND CONCENTRATIONS OF WASTEWATER 2 ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the ornamental sunflower production subjected to different depths and concentration of wastewater. The experiment was conducted in experimental design completely randomized in a factorial 5x4 with 4 repetitions in a greenhouse at the Center of Water and Soil Engineering (NEAS), of the Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, located in Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil. The cultivar used was cv. Anão de Jardim and the treatments consisted of five wastewater concentrations diluted in water supply (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) and four irrigations blades obtained through evaporation of the percentages of the class A pan (70, 90 , 110 and 130%). The variables analyzed were: plant height (AP), stem diameter (DC), number of leaves (NF), fresh and dry weight of the aerial part (MFPA and MSPA), days for the appearance of flower buds (DABF), days to flowering period (DPF), days for full opening of chapters (DATC), internal and external diameters of the chapters (DI and DE), fresh and dry weight of chapters (MFC and MSC), and the estimate of water consumption plant. The results showed that, except for the AP, all variables were influenced by the irrigation blades or the wastewater concentrations, and there was no significant influence of interaction between factors for any evaluated variables. The use of wastewater and 110% evaporation of the class A pan depth favored the development of sunflower. The lower and higher water consumption of the culture was observed in depths 70% and 130%, respectively. Keywords: reuse, cv. Anão de Jardim, class A pan.

Germinação e desenvolvimento de plântulas de girassol ornamental em substratos

“…Regarding GSI, it was observed that there was a difference between the treatments (Table 2), were the substrate T2 and T4 were that obtained the highest values, and the lowest result was found in T3, with reduction of 0.57 GSI (24.2%). According to Oliveira et al (2009) seeds with high GSI values are more resistant to the adverse conditions of the medium, as they germinate faster and decrease the initial stage of development of seedling production, thus it is expected in the present study, that the substrates with higher GSI (T2 and T4) have said characteristics. This is probably because these two treatments (T2 and T4) are composed of coconut fiber, since according to Carrijo et al (2002), this material is essential when used as a substrate in the germination of ornamental seeds, because it presents high durability, and physical properties such as density and total porosity essential in the production of seedlings.…”

“…Due to its high profitability, demand for small areas, intensive production and the rapid return of invested capital, ornamental sunflower production has aroused great interest among producers and investors (OLIVEIRA et al, 2017). According to Curti et al (2012), ornamental sunflower is mainly marketed as a cut flower, where this sector represents 34% of the flower and ornamental plants production chain in Brazil (JUNQUEIRA and PEETZ, 2017).…”

Treated domestic effluent as a source of water and nutrients in the hydroponic cultivation of ornamental sunflower

“…Results obtained in the present study corroborate those reported by Oliveira et al (2017), who observed no significant effect of the treatments on plant height in any period of evaluation in conventional cultivation (in pots) of ornamental sunflower, cv. Anão de Jardim, using different water depths and wastewater dilutions along with mineral fertilization [14].…”

“…In contrast, Oliveira et al (2017) observed at 35 days after transplanting for the same cultivar irrigated with water containing 75% of wastewater showed on average two leaves more than the plants irrigated with supply water under organic fertilization. In the final evaluation, these authors observed no significant difference in the NL under different treatments, which had on average 30.05 leaves [14].…”

Productive and morphogenetic characteristics of sunflower irrigated with domestic treated wastewater on northeast semiarid area

“…In this sense, Rawashdeh (2017), verified the maximization of seed yield and oil production in sunflower plants irrigated with treated domestic wastewater. Oliveira et al (2017) studied the effects of five dilutions of treated domestic wastewater in supply water on the development and production of sunflower. They reported that irrigation with wastewater caused no significant change on external diameter of flower bud, beginning of flowering and the full opening of head and irrigation, while the wastewater favored the development of sunflower, especially in the dilution of 100% domestic wastewater.…”