Crescimento e produção de manjericão em sistema hidropônico NFT sob salinidade

Abstract

R E S U M ONo semiárido brasileiro a falta de água de boa qualidade tem justificado o desenvolvimento de pesquisas científicas no aproveitamento de águas salobras. No presente trabalho avaliaram-se os efeitos de águas salobras em relação ao crescimento e à produção de plantas de manjericão em hidroponia, de outubro a novembro de 2012. Os tratamentos consistiram de quatro níveis de salinidade da água (1,45; 3,80; 6,08 ), respectivamente; não ocorreu diferença entre águas isosmóticas de NaCl e rejeito de dessalinização em referência à produção de MFPA. A altura de planta e a taxa de crescimento não indicaram a influência da salinidade no manjericão. As águas salobras não produziram sintomas depreciativos nas plantas.Growth and production of basil in NFT hydroponic system under salinity A B S T R A C TThe scarcity of good quality water in the Brazilian semiarid region has justified the growth of scientific researches on the use of brackish water. In the present study the effects of brackish water on growth and production of basil plants were evaluated in hydroponic system during October-November 2012. The treatments consisted of four levels of salinity (1.45, 3.80; 6.08 and 8.48 dS m ) of a municipality in the semiarid region. Thirty six plots were randomized into six blocks. Data were analysed by analysis of variance and regression. There was a linear reduction in the production of fresh and dry matter of shoots (FMS and DMS) with increase in salinity, corresponding to respectively, 7.86 and 6.76% with per unit increase in electrical conductivity (dS m -1 ); there was no difference between NaCl and isosmotic water of desalination reject in reference to the production of FMS. The plant height and growth rate did not indicate the influence of salinity on basil. The brackish waters produced no damage symptoms in plants. Palavras-chave: IntroduçãoÉ crescente o número de pesquisas que tratam da viabilidade técnica da hidroponia como sistema de produção condizente com o uso de águas salobras (Paulus et al., 2010;Santos et al., 2010;Alves et al., 2011; Dantas, 2012;Maciel et al., 2012). Como discutido por , o aproveitamento de águas salobras é buscado como forma de mitigar o problema da escassez de água de boa qualidade para irrigação, situação característica da região semiárida do Brasil, na qual a falta de água superficial pode ser parcialmente superada pela exploração de águas subterrâneas, que apresentam, por razões hidrogeológicas, elevados teores de sais. Assim, estudos relacionados ao aproveitamento dessas águas como insumo para hidroponia podem resultar em grande impacto social.A maioria dos estudos conduzidos em hidroponia com águas salobras no Brasil tem focado em hortaliças folhosas como rúcula, agrião e sobretudo alface, o que é compreensível já que no país essas culturas são majoritárias no cultivo hidropônico (Paulus et al., 2010;Santos et al., 2010;Alves et al., 2011). Por outro lado, outras culturas são estratégicas para a diversificação do cultivo hidropônico como manjericão, hortelã, espinafre, entre...

Responses of basil cultivars to irrigation water salinity

“…These results agree with those of Bione et al (2014), who observed linear reduction of 2.09% per unit increase of salinity in basil plants under hydroponic cultivation and, therefore, a reduction much lower than that obtained in the present study. This difference in the response of the crop to salinity for the variable plant height can be attributed to the adopted cultivation system, since in the hydroponic cultivation the plants tend to increase their tolerance to salinity.…”

“…These results confirm those obtained by Bione et al (2014) and Attia et al (2011), who also observed that basil growth was significantly affected by salinity. Figure 1 shows the results referring to the effect of salinity on the variables stem diameter, plant height, number of stems, number of leaves and leaf area.…”

“…In the literature, there are few studies on the response of basil to salinity (Fatemi & Aboutalebi, 2012;Heidari, 2012;Bione et al, 2014), reporting that, under salt stress, basil plants suffer reduction in all evaluated growth variables. On the other hand, Delavari et al (2014) report that basil proved to be tolerant to up to 100 mmol of NaCl (≈ 10 dS m -1 ) and point out that this species maintains the osmotic adjustment with accumulation of Na + and increases the regulation of the enzymatic antioxidant systems.…”

Production and quality of mini watermelon cv. Smile irrigated with saline water

“…Leaf fresh matter (LFM), leaf dry matter (LDM) and leaf water content (LWC) and leaf area (LA) were significantly affected by salinity **Significant at 0.01 probability level by F test ( Table 2). The variable leaf water content (LWC) showed the lowest percent reduction (1.7%) for each unit increase in the electrical conductivity of the irrigation water ( Figure 1E); the other variables, LFM, LDM and LA showed reductions of 8.5, 4.3 and 13.4%, respectively, when irrigation water salinity increased by 1 dS m -1 ( Figure 1C, 1D, 1F Some studies confirmed the negative effect of salinity on leaf dry matter and leaf area in watermelon (Martins et al, 2013); dry matter, plant height and number of leaves, in maize (Akbari et al, 2015); plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area and leaf dry matter, in eggplant (Lima et al, 2015) and water content, shoot fresh matter and shoot dry matter, in basil (Bione et al, 2014).…”

Frequency of recirculation of nutrient solution in hydroponic cultivation of coriander with brackish water

“…A few promising results have been achieved for the rational use of brackish water in the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) hydroponic system (Santos et al, 2010(Santos et al, , 2011Soares et al, 2010Soares et al, , 2015Alves et al, 2011;Paulus et al, 2012;Bione et al, 2014;Lira et al, 2015), which can open a new perspective for hydroponics as an economic alternative, provided that brackish water is available. In Brazil, the main focus of these studies is the semiarid region, where brackish water is relatively frequent in the underground reserves, for constituting one of the main causes of abandonment of the various wells drilled with public or private resources (Santos et al, 2010).…”