Crest Factor Reduction in Multi-carrier WCDMA Transmitters

Lashkarian, N.; Tarn, H.; Dick, Chris

doi:10.1109/pimrc.2005.1651451

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) is one of the earliest signals that experienced high PAPR [43]. Here, a 20MHZ bandwidth signal was generated and tested with PSI technique.…”

Section: Testing Psi Performance With Wcdma Dvb S2 4g and 5g Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Investigation of Peak Shrinking and Interpolating the PAPR Reduction Technique for LTE-Advance and 5G Signals

et al. 2019

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Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has become an indispensable part of waveform generation in wideband digital communication since its first appearance in digital audio broadcasting (DAB) in Europe in 1980s, and it is indeed in use. As has been seen, the OFDM based waveforms work well with time division duplex operation in new radio (NR) systems in 5G systems, supporting delay-sensitive applications, high spectral efficiency, massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) compatibility, and ever-larger bandwidth signals, which has demonstrated successful commercial implementation for 5G downlinks and uplinks up to 256-QAM modulation schemes. However, the OFDM waveforms suffer from high peak to average power ratio (PAPR), which is not desired by system designers as they want RF power amplifiers (PAs) to operate with high efficiency. Although NR offers some options for maintaining the efficiency and spectral demand, such as cyclic prefix based (CP-OFDM), and discrete Fourier transform spread based (DFT-S-OFDM) schemes, which have limiting effects on PAPR, the PAPR is still as high as 13 dB. This value increases when the bandwidth is increased. Moreover, in LTE-Advance and 5G systems, in order to increase the bandwidth, and data-rate, carrier aggregation technology is used which increases the PAPR the same way that bandwidth increment does; therefore, it is essential to employ PAPR reduction in signal processing stage before passing the signal to PA. In this paper, we investigate the performance of an innovative peak shrinking and interpolation (PSI) technique for reducing peak to average power ratio (PAPR) in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based signals at waveform generation stage. The main idea behind the PSI technique is to extract high peaks, scale them down, and interpolate them back into the signal. It is shown that PSI technique is a possible candidate for reducing PAPR without compromising on computational complexity, compatible for existing and future telecommunication systems such as 4G, 5G, and beyond. In this paper, the PSI technique is tested with variety of signals in terms of inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) length, type of the signal modulation, and applications. Additional work has been carried out to compare the proposed technique with other promising PAPR reduction techniques. This paper further validates the PSI technique through experimental measurement with a power amplifier (PA) test bench and achieves an adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) of less than -55 dBc. Results showed improvement in output power of PA versus given input power, and furthermore, the error vector magnitude (EVM) of less than 1% was achieved when comparing of the signal after and before modification by the PSI technique.

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“…Wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) is one of the earliest signals that experienced high PAPR [43]. Here, a 20MHZ bandwidth signal was generated and tested with PSI technique.…”

Section: Testing Psi Performance With Wcdma Dvb S2 4g and 5g Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Investigation of Peak Shrinking and Interpolating the PAPR Reduction Technique for LTE-Advance and 5G Signals

et al. 2019

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“…Unfortunately, they are not adequate enough to generate signals which can meet the stringent requirements of modern communication standards. In the following subsections, pros and cons of these conventional CFR techniques are briefly discussed, highlighting their limiting factors [6,8,[10][11][12].…”

Section: Conventional Cfr Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crest Factor Reduction (CFR) techniques [8,9], in conjunction with Digital Predistortion (DPD) techniques are considered to be a promising solution to simultaneously achieve higher linearity and efficiency [10][11][12][13][14][15]. However, a complete experimental validation of both benefits and drawbacks induced by their application on a DPA is not yet reported in literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Power Efficiency of Doherty Power Amplifiers Using Windowing Based Crest Factor Reduction Technique

Vikraman¹,

Giofrè²,

Colantonio³

2016

PIER C

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Abstract-This paper investigates the performance of a Windowing Based Crest Factor Reduction (CF R W B ) technique, to enhance the power efficiency of Radio Frequency (RF) power amplifiers. In particular, CF R W B is implemented on a Doherty Power Amplifier (DP A) in conjunction with Generalized Memory Polynomial (GM P DP D ), and Volterra series based Digital Predistortion (V DP D ) techniques. Key features like spectral regrowth, Peak to Average Power Ratio (P AP R) reduction, efficiency improvement and Error Vector Magnitude (EV M ) have been used to measure the efficacy of the proposed method. Both simulation and experimental results show that the proposed combination of CF R W B technique with GM P DP D and V DP D is able to reduce the P AP R of the complex input signals by nearly 60%, with minimal degrading of the EV M and spectral regrowth. Moreover, such signal with reduced P AP R can be used to overdrive the DPA, allowing for a relevant average efficiency enhancement (i.e., up to 25%), while fulfilling the requirements of modern communication standards such as Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W CDM A) and long-term evolution (LT E).

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“…Unfortunately, they suffer from significant implementation difficulties or specific requirements for a certain standard; in other words, they are not for general purposes. Therefore, four of the methods were illustrated in [1] as peak windowing [37], noise shaping [38], peak cancellation (PC-CFR) [39]- [42], and constrained clipping [43]- [45] for ET purpose selection. Among them, although PC-CFR is one of the most popular solutions in practical engineering, it may suffer from serious peak EVM degradations, resulting in lower throughput when the clipping ratio is high.…”

Section: Digital Front-end Design For Envelope Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demystifying Envelope Tracking: Use for High-Efficiency Power Amplifiers for 4G and Beyond

Wang

2015

IEEE Microwave

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Crest Factor Reduction in Multi-carrier WCDMA Transmitters

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Performance Investigation of Peak Shrinking and Interpolating the PAPR Reduction Technique for LTE-Advance and 5G Signals

Performance Investigation of Peak Shrinking and Interpolating the PAPR Reduction Technique for LTE-Advance and 5G Signals

Enhancing Power Efficiency of Doherty Power Amplifiers Using Windowing Based Crest Factor Reduction Technique

Demystifying Envelope Tracking: Use for High-Efficiency Power Amplifiers for 4G and Beyond

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