Criteria for determining primary forest traffic infrastructure network density – examples of the most common cases

Abstract

In any planning, so even when planning the network of forest roads, it is an imperative to know the existing situation, and to have a detailed and accurate insight into the existing forest road network of the forest area in the process of opening, usually enabled by the forest traffic infrastructure registry. To validate the quantity of the existing forest traffic infrastructure (road density), it is necessary to precisely and unambiguously define the criteria for determining the density of existing forest traffic infrastructure. In Croatian forestry, the currently valid criteria for determining the density of primary forest traffic infrastructure are defined by the »Technical Requirements for Economic Roads« (Šikić et al. 1989), which are summarised in the Forestry Management Regulations (NN 111/06, NN 141/08) and (NN 79/15). The criteria mentioned are insufficiently precise and unclear, which leaves the forestry experts to make a series of subjective decisions in calculating the density of primary forest traffic infrastructure. To avoid/reduce any subjectivity, to obtain objective data and to make comparability of the calculated primary traffic infrastructure density of different management units, a set of completely criteria have been developed that will serve to accurately, objectively and transparently determine primary forest traffic infrastructure density. The criteria have been developed and described in detail in the Form for the Effectiveness Study of Primary Forest Road Traffic Infrastructure, an integral part of the Bylaw on measure implementation M04 »Investments in physical assets«, by-measure 4.3 »Grant for investments in development, modernization and customization of agriculture and forestry«, operation type 4.3.3. »Investments in forest infrastructure« from the Program of Rural Development in the Republic of Croatia in the period from 2014 to 2020 (NN 106/15, 65/17). The most frequent/characteristical examples of the application of criteria in determining the primary forest traffic infrastructure density are presented in the paper based on orthophoto maps together with photographs (image part of the primary forest traffic infrastructure registry from case studies).

Forestry Insights of Some Asian and European Countries: National Forest Harvesting Strategies and New Approaches

“…Investment in the construction of forest roads is one of the measures of rural development of the Republic of Croatia, which is fully funded by the European Union (Pentek et al, 2016a;Pentek et al, 2016b). As examples of BMP from the study of primary forest accessibility, the criteria for determining the density of primary forest transport infrastructure (Poršinsky et al, 2017) and Analysis of the average geometric (Euclidean) timber extraction distance of the existing and improved network of forest roads (including newly designed zero forest road lines) were subsequently incorporated into the Bylaw on Forest Management.…”

Planning of forest traffic infrastructure

“…20.5. Optimal densityy of forest roads(Poršinsky et al 2017)Naghdi and Limaei (2009) израчунали су да трошкови градње шумских путева износе око 37.191,37 КМ км -1 . Трошкови градње шумских путева, у зависности од нагиба терена (0-132%), могу се кретати од 27,3 до 195 КМ км -1 (Ghaffaryian et al 2010) Enache et al (2011).…”

“…2019).Када су у питању теренске карактеристике које утичу на планирање отворености, ту се морају издвојити рељефно подручје, нагиб терена, тип геолошке подлоге, типови земљишта са њиховим особинама, експозиција и др. Према рељефном подручју циљана густина шумских путева најчешће се одређује у Хрватској, и то у низијском подручју требала би да износи 12, у брдском 11 до 18 м ха -1 , у планинском између 15 и 22,5 м ха -1 и у крашком 5 до 12 м ха -1(Pentek et al 2014;Poršinsky et al 2017).Услови рељефа у Републици Српској и БиХ такође имају важну улогу за утврђивање циљане густине шумских путева због разноликости и изражене купираности шумских подручја (Сл. 20.3).…”