Criteria for screening tests for gestational diabetes

Carpenter, Marshall W.; Coustan, Donald R.

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(82)90349-0

Cited by 1,725 publications

(1,009 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…If plasma glucose 1 h after 50‐g GCT was ≥140 mg/dL, the woman received a 100‐g OGTT9. GDM was diagnosed if two of her plasma glucose were above the following cut‐offs, including fasting plasma glucose ≥95 mg/dL, plasma glucose 1 h after OGTT ≥180 mg/dL, plasma glucose 2 h after OGTT ≥155 mg/dL and plasma glucose 3 h after OGTT ≥140 mg/dL 9. Women with GDM by the two criteria received similar therapeutic interventions, including nutrition counseling and lifestyle modification.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of more gestational diabetes lead to better pregnancy outcomes: Comparing the International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group criteria, and the Carpenter and Coustan criteria

Nien

Kuo

et al. 2015

J of Diabetes Invest

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Aims/IntroductionThe International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) criteria for gestational diabetes are associated with increased prevalence. However, it remains unknown if intervention for more women with gestational diabetes mellitus by the IADPSG criteria results in better pregnancy outcomes than adopting the Carpenter and Coustan (C&C) criteria in Asian populations.Materials and MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 1,840 women, 952 subjects by the IADPSG criteria and 888 subjects by the C&C criteria, who delivered singletons in 2011 in a single tertiary center, were included in the study. The same therapeutic interventions were offered to women with gestational diabetes mellitus by the two criteria. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were evaluated.ResultsAdopting the IADPSG criteria increased the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosis to 13.44%, compared with 2.59% by the C&C criteria. The diagnosis was made 3 weeks earlier by the IADPSG criteria (27 vs 30.5 weeks, P < 0.0001). Adopting the IADPSG criteria was associated with reduced risk of primary cesarean section (adjusted odds ratio 0.79, 95% confidence interval 0.63–0.998, P < 0.05) and having any one of the adverse fetal outcomes (adjusted odds ratio 0.79, 95% confidence interval 0.64–0.998, P < 0.05), including birthweight >90th percentile, jaundice, admission to neonatal intensive care unit, birth trauma, neonatal hypoglycemia and fetal death.ConclusionsAdopting the IADPSG criteria is associated with improved pregnancy outcomes, at the expense of increased prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of more gestational diabetes lead to better pregnancy outcomes: Comparing the International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group criteria, and the Carpenter and Coustan criteria

Nien

Kuo

et al. 2015

J of Diabetes Invest

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“…Diagnosis of GDM was made following screening test with oral 50 g glucose challenge test at 24 to 28 weeks of pregnancy and confirmed by diagnostic 100 g oral glucose tolerance test [35]. Preterm delivery was defined as the delivery before completed 37 weeks of gestation.…”

Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent factors influencing large-for-gestation birth weight in singletons born after in vitro fertilization

Korošec

Frangež

Steblovnik

et al. 2015

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose Higher risk for birth of singletons being large for gestational age (LGA) has been revealed after in vitro fertilization (IVF) frozen-thawed embryo-transfer (FET). This phenomenon is now being investigated, since there is a speculation that these neonates could suffer from underlying epigenetic disturbances. The aim of the study was to expose independent LGA risk factors and to identify those connected to the IVF techniques. Methods Altogether, 4508 singleton pregnancies and births were included in the cohort case-matched study. Two hundred eleven singleton pregnancies and births after FET and 916 after fresh embryo transfer (ET) were included into two study groups. The IVF procedures were performed at the University Medical Centre Ljubljana between 2004 and 2011. For each IVF pregnancy, three matched consecutive controls after natural conception were included. Using logistic regression models, we observed LGA connection to maternal parameters (smoking, hypertension, parity, BMI, gestational diabetes, IVF conception, FET, double ET, and ICSI procedure).Results Singletons born after FET had a significantly higher risk for being LGA (p=0.032; OR 1.697; 95 % CI 1.047-2.752). BMI 25-30 was a significant independent risk factor for LGA in the IVF groups (FET p=0.041, OR 2.460, 95 % CI 1.030-5.857 and fresh ET p=0.003; OR 2.188, 95 % CI 1.297-3.691). ICSI and double ET had no significant effect on LGA occurrence. Conclusions Besides maternal BMI, FET is a significant independent LGA risk factor in IVF patients. Other observed factors (smoking, hypertension, multiparity, GDM, ICSI procedure, or number of embryos transferred) do not influence LGA risk significantly.

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“…None of the subjects was using hormonal contraception, tobacco, or other medications that might affect carbohydrate metabolism or energy expenditure. None of the study subjects had diabetes mellitus before conception based on the results of a 100-g oral glucose tolerance test [17]. All patients were screened for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) between 20 and 24 weeks pregnancy with a 1-h 50-g glucose test.…”

Section: Clinical Study Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adiponectin in human pregnancy: implications for regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism

et al. 2006

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Aims/hypothesis: Adiponectin is upregulated during adipogenesis and downregulated in insulin-resistant states. The mechanism(s) governing the re-arrangements from adipogenesis to facilitated lipolysis during pregnancy are unknown. Our purpose was to analyse the role of adiponectin relative to the metabolic changes in human pregnancy. Subjects, materials and methods: Lean women (BMI <25 kg/m²) were evaluated longitudinally before conception, and in early (12-14 weeks) and late (34-36 weeks) pregnancy. Insulin sensitivity was measured using the glucose clamp technique. Venous blood and subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies were obtained at each time point. Results: Adiponectin concentrations were lower in the third trimester than in the pregravid condition (9.9±1.4 vs 13.5±1.8 μg/ml). The hypoadiponectinaemia was reflected by a 2.5-fold decrease in white adipose tissue adiponectin mRNA. These changes were associated with a 25% increase in fat mass (23.7±2.9 vs 18.9±2.9 kg). Insulin infusion decreased high molecular weight adiponectin complexes in pregravid women (9.9±0.6 vs 6.2±0.06) and the suppressive effect of insulin was lost during pregnancy. The pregnancy-mediated changes in adiponectin were strongly correlated with basal insulin levels and insulin sensitivity (p<0.0001). The relationship between adiponectin and insulin sensitivity was related to the decreased insulin regulation of glucose utilisation (r=0.55, p<0.001) but not of endogenous hepatic glucose production. Conclusions/interpretation: These data demonstrate that pregnancy is associated with adiponectin changes in lean women. Hypoadiponectinaemia is reflected by a lower amount of high molecular weight adiponectin and by the ratio of high to low molecular weight multimers. The adiponectin changes relate to decreased insulin sensitivity of glucose disposal rather than alterations of lipid metabolism.

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Criteria for screening tests for gestational diabetes

Cited by 1,725 publications

References 9 publications

Diagnosis of more gestational diabetes lead to better pregnancy outcomes: Comparing the International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group criteria, and the Carpenter and Coustan criteria

Diagnosis of more gestational diabetes lead to better pregnancy outcomes: Comparing the International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group criteria, and the Carpenter and Coustan criteria

Independent factors influencing large-for-gestation birth weight in singletons born after in vitro fertilization

Adiponectin in human pregnancy: implications for regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism

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