Crocodilia Morphology

Ristevski, Jorgo

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_955-2

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The derived metriorhynchoid hindlimb greatly differs from that of teleosauroids and dyrosaurids as it depicts extreme modifications from the crocodyliforms bauplan (Grigg & Kirshner, 2015;Ristevski, 2019;Steel, 1973), which are correlated with aquatic adaptations in other groups (like the reduction of the dorsal elements of the girdles, or the ventral deflection of the pelvic girdle; Krahl (2021)). Indeed, the metriorhynchoid zygopodium and autopodium constitute together what can be interpreted as a seemingly rigid flipper according to the following traits: a stout and posteriorly arched tibia, a slightly shorter and thinner fibula, a reduced calcaneal tuberosity (i.e.…”

Section: Form and Function Of The Pelvic Girdle Of Thalattosuchia And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Form and function of the pelvic girdle of Thalattosuchia and Dyrosauridae (Crocodyliformes)

Scavezzoni,

Fischer,

Johnson

et al. 2024

Geodiversitas

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Crocodyliformes Hay, 1930 represents an important group of archosaurs that is currently restricted to twenty-eight species of semi-aquatic ambush predators. However, the extensive fossil record of Crocodyliformes indicates this group was much more diverse in the past and had a complex evolutionary history, rhythmed by a series of extinction events. An iconic expression of this past diversity is the colonization of the marine realm by several crocodyliform lineages, most notably by Thalattosuchia Fraas, 1901 during the Early Jurassic-Early Cretaceous and by Dyrosauridae de Stefano, 1903 during the Late Cretaceous-Early Eocene. Thalattosuchia constitutes by far the most spectacular and speciose marine radiation of Crocodyliformes, colonizing several ecological niches, before mysteriously going extinct during the Early Cretaceous. Dyrosauridae is well known for massively surviving the end-Cretaceous mass extinction, but disappearing soon afterwards. How crocodyliformes evolved to occupy marine niches and why they went extinct outside the marine extinction events of the Mesozoic is a mystery. Indeed, despite a good fossil record, postcranial elements of thalattosuchians and dyrosaurids have long been disregarded, withal several modern works during the past century. Attention has been focused, for years, on craniodental adaptations and feeding styles only, overlooking the swimming-related adaptations recorded in the postcranial skeleton that permitted these radiations. This work consists of a new thorough comparative description of the pelvic girdle of the most representative members of two extinct clades of aquatic crocodyliforms: Thalattosuchia and Dyrosauridae. This work also provides a standardize terminology and orientated of pelvic elements in those clades. This works does not aim at refining the taxonomy or cladistics of Thalattosuchia and Dyrosauridae, but will certainly clear the way for such future more specific endeavors. This work focuses on the postcranial morphology of Thalattosuchia and Dyrosauridae and aspires to shed light on pelvic evolution throughout their histories. Lastly, this work intends to highlight the relations between form and function within the postcranium of Thalattosuchia and Dyrosauridae, in order to better understand the locomotor habits or limitations present among the members of those extinct groups.FR: Crocodyliformes Hay, 1930 constitue un groupe majeur d'archosaures qui est actuellement restreint á vingt-huit espèces semi-aquatiques de prédateurs en embuscade. Cependant, le vaste enregistrement fossile de Crocodyliformes révèle une plus grande diversité passée ainsi qu'une histoire évolutive complexe, rythmée par une série d'extinctions. Une représentation emblématique de cette diversité passée se trouve dans la colonisation du milieu marin par plusieurs lignées de crocodyliformes, et plus précisément par Thalattosuchia Fraas, 1901 pour l'intervalle Jurassique Inférieur -Crétacé Inférieur et Dyrosauridae de Stefano, 1903 pour l'intervalle Crétacé Supérieur -Éocène inférieur. T...

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Section: Form and Function Of The Pelvic Girdle Of Thalattosuchia And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Form and function of the pelvic girdle of Thalattosuchia and Dyrosauridae (Crocodyliformes)

Scavezzoni,

Fischer,

Johnson

et al. 2024

Geodiversitas

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Modern crocodylians are the descendants of a terrestrial crocodyliform ancestor that gave rise to a lineage of successful semi-aquatic predators through the acquisition of a suite of unique characteristics including a long, flat snout, dorsally facing orbits, closable nostrils, a secondary palate and a gular valve [1]. In modern crocodylians, the pterygoid secondary

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A new goniopholidid from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation, USA: novel insight into aquatic adaptation toward modern crocodylians

et al. 2021

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Goniopholididae is a group of basal neosuchian crocodyliforms closely related to Paralligatoridae and Eusuchia that lived during the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous. Goniopholidids have the long, flat snout and secondary palate of modern crocodylians, the acquisition of which is regarded as a key feature in the early evolution of crocodylian body plan and their aquatic adaptation. Here, we report a new species, Amphicotylus milesi , with the description from the best-preserved specimen to date of Goniopholididae from Wyoming, USA. Its posterior extension of the nasopharyngeal passage (pterygoid secondary palate) and the shortening and dorsal deflection of the ceratobranchial suggest that basal neosuchians could raise their gular valve to separate oral and pharyngeal cavities as in modern crocodylians. The anatomy of Amphicotylus milesi sheds light on the acquisition of this new respiratory system in the crocodyliform evolution and their early aquatic adaptation, leading to modern crocodylians.

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Cranial and postcranial anatomy of a juvenile baurusuchid (Notosuchia, Crocodylomorpha) and the taxonomical implications of ontogeny

dos Santos,

de Carvalho,

de Oliveira

et al. 2024

The Anatomical Record

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Baurusuchidae comprises a clade of top‐tier terrestrial predators and are among the most abundant crocodyliforms found in the Adamantina Formation, Bauru Basin, Brazil (Campanian‐Maastrichtian). Here, we provide a detailed description of the cranial and postcranial osteology and myology of the most complete juvenile baurusuchid found to date. Although the preservation of juvenile individuals is somewhat rare, previously reported occurrences of baurusuchid egg clutches, a yearling individual, and larger, but skeletally immature specimens, comprise a unique opportunity to track anatomical changes throughout their ontogenetic series. Its cranial anatomy was resolved with the aid of a three‐dimensional model generated by the acquisition of computed tomography data, and its inferred adductor mandibular musculature was compared to that of mature specimens in order to assess possible ontogenetic shifts. A subsequent phylogenetic analysis included the scoring of Gondwanasuchus scabrosus, the smallest baurusuchid species known to date, to evaluate its phylogenetic relations relative to a known juvenile. We find considerable differences between juveniles and adults concerning skull ornamentation and muscle development, which might indicate ontogenetic niche partitioning, and also anatomical and phylogenetic evidence that G. scabrosus corresponds to a young semaphoront lacking mature cranial features.

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Crocodilia Morphology

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Form and function of the pelvic girdle of Thalattosuchia and Dyrosauridae (Crocodyliformes)

Form and function of the pelvic girdle of Thalattosuchia and Dyrosauridae (Crocodyliformes)

A new goniopholidid from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation, USA: novel insight into aquatic adaptation toward modern crocodylians

Cranial and postcranial anatomy of a juvenile baurusuchid (Notosuchia, Crocodylomorpha) and the taxonomical implications of ontogeny

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