Crop Yield and the Quality of Sunflower Seeds in the Use of Fertilizers and Growth Regulation Substances

Abstract

In the Russian Federation the most favorable area for high and stable yields of sunflower crop is the Northern zone of Krasnodar region. The research was conducted in multivariate experience of long-term stationary monitoring. We researched the effect of doses of mineral fertilizers and furolan on sunflower yield and seed quality. It was found that it is expedient and cost-effective to use small doses of nitrogen fertilizers for sunflower. The expediency of application of plant growth regulator (Furolan) during vegetation is shown. We found that the use of mineral fertilizers and the use of furolan contributed to the activation of growth processes of sunflower plants which led to the formation of optimal plant density. Improving the nutritional status of plants has provided an increase in the leaf area unit. The treatment of sunflower crops on the background of fertilizers N20P30 and the furolan has had a positive impact on the value of photosynthetic potential. Under the influence of mineral fertilizers there was an increase in the dissemination of the sunflower head, weight of seeds and weight of 1000 seeds, which has a positive impact on productivity. With the increase of fertilizer doses, the oil content of seeds increased when compared to the unfertilized variant. The treatment of plants with furolan has not violated the process of accumulation of protein and fat.

Agro-Morphological Traits of Inbred Sunflower Lines and their Genetic Assessment

“…Theoretical studies and practical experience have shown that high yields per unit area are usually associated with the number of plants per unit area, number of seeds per plant (depending on the degree of fertilization), head diameter (Hladni et al, 2014;Singh & Chander, 2018;Zeinalzadeh-Tabrizi et al, 2019;Riaz et al, 2019;Keipp et al, 2020;Naik & Ghodke, 2021) and the weight of 1000 seeds (Radić et al, 2013;Jalil et al 2014;Nichal et. al., 2015;Ieremenko & Kalitka, 2016;Kvashin et al, 2018;Baraiya et al, 2018;Kalenska et al, 2020;Radić et al, 2021;Naik & Ghodke, 2021). The authors mentioned above also argue that increases in the weight of 1000 seeds and head diameter significantly increase seed yields, which is consistent with the results obtained herein.…”

“…Hladni et al (2014) argues that there is a significantly high degree of variability in seed yields between inbred sunflower lines. The external environment has a great influence on the variability in sunflower seed yields (Radić et al, 2020), as well as the genotype itself (Kvashin et al, 2018). In addition to genetic factors (the genotype), sunflower seed yields are also conditioned by cultural practices applied and environmental conditions.…”

Can Modification of Sowing Date and Genotype Selection Reduce the Impact of Climate Change on Sunflower Seed Production?

“…However, other factors (SD and the interaction between SD and G) also exhibited a statistically significant effect, as confirmed by Krstić et al [42]. Environmental conditions, genotype, and applied agronomic practices have a substantial impact on seed and oil yield variation, as reported by Ion et al [43], Kvashin et al [44], and Radić et al [45]. Furthermore, different factors exhibited varying effects on Y and OY during different years of the study.…”