Crops that feed the World 2. Soybean—worldwide production, use, and constraints caused by pathogens and pests

Hartman, G. L.; West, Ellen D.; Herman, Theresa K.

doi:10.1007/s12571-010-0108-x

Cited by 520 publications

(391 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…In non-organic soybean production application of fungicides and partial resistance are used to lower the impact of the disease. Although there is little information on the effectiveness of control in organically grown soybean, the longer crop rotation cycles found in many organic-based systems may contribute to further degradation of sclerotia in the soil than occurs in a corn-soybean rotation found in non-organic systems [61,62].…”

Section: Sclerotinia Stem Rotmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nematode feeds on the soybean roots resulting in stunted plants with reduced yields. The main methods of combatting this nematode is through crop rotation and host resistance [61]. In addition, the diversity of cropping and amendments used in organic production systems may result in reduced issues with soybean cyst nematode compared to a regular corn-soybean rotation system.…”

Section: Soybean Cyst Nematodementioning

confidence: 99%

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Organically Grown Soybean Production in the USA: Constraints and Management of Pathogens and Insect Pests

et al. 2016

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Soybean is the most produced and consumed oil seed crop worldwide. In 2013, 226 million metric tons were produced in over 70 countries. Organically produced soybean represents less than 0.1% of total world production. In the USA, the certified organic soybean crop was grown on 53 thousand ha or 0.17% of the total soybean acreage in the USA (32 million ha) in 2011. A gradual increase in production of organically grown soybean has occurred since the inception of organic labeling due to increased human consumption of soy products and increased demand for organic soybean meal to produce organic animal products. Production constraints caused by pathogens and insect pests are often similar in organic and non-organic soybean production, but management between the two systems often differs. In general, the non-organic, grain-type soybean crop are genetically modified higher-yielding cultivars, often with disease and pest resistance, and are grown with the use of synthetic pesticides. The higher value of organically produced soybean makes production of the crop an attractive option to some farmers. This article reviews production and uses of organically grown soybean in the USA, potential constraints to production caused by pathogens and insect pests, and management practices used to reduce the impact of these constraints.

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Section: Sclerotinia Stem Rotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soybean Cyst Nematodementioning

confidence: 99%

Organically Grown Soybean Production in the USA: Constraints and Management of Pathogens and Insect Pests

et al. 2016

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“…Its production increased from 17 to 230 million metric tons in the past 50 years. Future soybean production is expected to increase rapidly when compared with other major crops due to increases in demand for soybean meal and oil (Hartman et al 2011). Soybeans have also attracted the attention of farmers as an environmentally sustainable crop that requires little or no N fertilizer (Crews and Peoples 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of postharvest nitrous oxide emissions from soybean ecosystems: a review

Uchida

Akiyama

2013

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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In this review, the current knowledge of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) ecosystems, particularly on postharvest N 2 O emissions, is summarized and controlling factors of postharvest N 2 O emissions from soybean ecosystems are discussed. A new biological method to mitigate N 2 O emission is also presented. The latest (2006) guidelines of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that N 2 O emissions derived directly from biological nitrogen (N) fixation were not significant in legume crop ecosystems. The default N 2 O emission factor from biological N fixation was revised to zero, whereas the default N 2 O emission factor for the decomposition of legume crop residues (postharvest N 2 O emissions) was the same as that for nonlegume crop residues (1%). From previously measured field data, the percentage of N in soybean residue emitted as N 2 O after harvest was calculated to determine emission factors. Values ranged from 0.0-10.0% (average 1.3% ± 2.7%, median: 0.2%), indicating relatively low emission factors. The average emission factor calculated for N 2 O emissions from N in soybean residues was slightly higher than the default emission factor for N in crop residue specified in the guidelines. However, the volume of field-measured postharvest N 2 O emissions in soybean ecosystems is low compared with data for N 2 O emissions during the crop growing season. Previous field-measured data demonstrated that N 2 O emissions often peaked sharply immediately after the harvest. However, values for N 2 O fluxes in the currently available field data were determined on a weekly or monthly basis. This large time gap between samplings may have resulted in underestimation of postharvest N 2 O emissions in soybean ecosystems. More detailed field studies on postharvest N 2 O emissions from soybean ecosystems are needed. Nodule decomposition is the major source of postharvest N 2 O emissions in soybean ecosystems. A new microbiological method was recently developed to mitigate postharvest N 2 O emissions from soybean ecosystems utilizing N-fixing bacteria with increased N 2 O-reducing activity (increased expression of nosZ). This approach may potentially be applied to other leguminous crops and non-legume ecosystems. Ongoing research on the relationships between soil N 2 O emissions and nosZ may reveal a new method for N 2 O mitigation in the future.

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“…Soybean root rot is widely distributed throughout the world. This disease is extremely harmful, and it is difficult to prevent and control (Bolwerk et al, 2005;Govaerts et al, 2007;Hartman et al, 2011;Aoki et al, 2012;Bienapfl et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of the community compositions of root rot pathogenic fungi in the soybean rhizosphere soil

Cui

Han

et al. 2016

Chilean J. Agric. Res.

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Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) root rot is an important disease of soybean under continuous cropping, and root rot is widely distributed throughout the world. This disease is extremely harmful, and it is difficult to prevent and control. The study aimed to elucidate the composition of root rot pathogenic fungal communities in the continuous cropping of soybean. In this study, we employed PCR-DGGE technology to analyze the communities of root rot pathogenic fungi in soybean rhizosphere soil subjected to continuous cropping during a season with a high incidence of root rot in Heilongjiang province, China, the main soybean producing area in China. The results of 13 DGGE bands were analyzed by phylogenetic revealed that the predominant root rot pathogenic fungi in rhizosphere soil in the test area were Pythium ultimum and Fusarium species. The results of cluster analysis showed that the duration of continuous cropping, the soybean variety and the plant growth stage all had significant effects on the diversity of root rot pathogenic fungi in rhizosphere soil.

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Crops that feed the World 2. Soybean—worldwide production, use, and constraints caused by pathogens and pests

Abstract: The soybean crop is one of the most important crops worldwide.

Cited by 520 publications

References 89 publications

Organically Grown Soybean Production in the USA: Constraints and Management of Pathogens and Insect Pests

Organically Grown Soybean Production in the USA: Constraints and Management of Pathogens and Insect Pests

Mitigation of postharvest nitrous oxide emissions from soybean ecosystems: a review

Analyses of the community compositions of root rot pathogenic fungi in the soybean rhizosphere soil

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