Cross-Reactions between Streptococcal M Proteins and Human Transplantation Antigens

Hirata, Arthur A.; Terasaki, Paul I.

doi:10.1126/science.168.3935.1095

Cited by 108 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A pattern in the allelic specificity of the natural Abs is observed (12). The allelic specificities in healthy males are attributed to the exogenous Ags of microbes or pathogens (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22) or to dietary meat proteins (12). Ag mimicry of several bacterial, fungal, or viral peptide sequences with HLA-Ia alleles (23) may explain single or a few allelic reactivities but not the entire pattern of the allelic specificities of the natural allo-HLA Abs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Antibodies to HLA-E in Nonalloimmunized Males: Pattern of HLA-Ia Reactivity of Anti–HLA-E–Positive Sera

Ravindranath

Kaneku

El‐Awar

et al. 2010

The Journal of Immunology

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Natural anti-HLA Abs found in sera of healthy nonalloimmunized males recognize HLA-Ia alleles parallel to those recognized by anti–HLA-E mAbs (MEM-E/02/06/07). Therefore, some of the HLA-Ia Abs seen in healthy males could be due to anti–HLA-E Abs cross-reacting with HLA-Ia. If anti–HLA-E Abs occur in healthy nonalloimmunized males, it can be assessed whether they evoke HLA-Ia reactivity as do mouse HLA-E mAbs. IgG and IgM Abs to HLA-E and HLA-Ia alleles are identified in sera of healthy males using microbeads coated with recombinant denatured HLA-E or a panel of rHLA-Ia alleles. The pattern of allelic recognition is comparable to that of anti–HLA-E mAbs. Sixty-six percent of the sera with HLA-E IgG have a high level of HLA-Ia IgG, whereas 70% of those with no anti–HLA-E Abs have no HLA-Ia Abs. HLA-E IgM/IgG ratios of sera are divided into four groups: IgMLow/IgGLow, IgMHigh/IgGLow, IgMHigh/IgGHigh, and IgMLow/IgGHigh. These groups correspond to anti–HLA-Ia IgM/IgG ratio groups. When HLA-E IgM and IgG are absent or present in males, the IgM or IgG of HLA-Ia are similarly absent or present. The mean fluorescent intensity of HLA-Ia Abs correlates with that of anti–HLA-E Abs. Most importantly, HLA-E and HLA-Ia reactivities of the sera are inhibited by the shared, but cryptic, peptide sequences 117AYDGKDY123 and 137DTAAQIS143. Therefore, Abs to the H chain of HLA-E may be responsible for some of the HLA-Ia allele reactivity of the natural HLA-Ia Ab in human sera. Absence of any anti–HLA-Ia Abs in 112 nonvegans and the presence of the same in vegans suggest that dietary meat proteins might not have induced the natural allo-HLA Abs.

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confidence: 99%

Antibodies to HLA-E in Nonalloimmunized Males: Pattern of HLA-Ia Reactivity of Anti–HLA-E–Positive Sera

Ravindranath

Kaneku

El‐Awar

et al. 2010

The Journal of Immunology

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“…This hypothesis is supported by previous studies. 16,30 Moreover, considering the evidence that hepatitis B vaccine may cause HLA alloimmunization, 31 a further explanation for this unexpected positivity may be the cross-sensitization following vaccination, which is recommended in ESRD patients. However, it also was postulated that the process of attaching HLA molecules to the beads causes denaturation of these molecules with the expression of epitopes that would not be present naturally on the cell surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 It has been suggested that anti-HLA antibodies in patients without a history of known sensitization events were developed in response to cross-reactive epitopes on microorganisms, allergens, and ingested proteins. 9,15,16 The aim of our study was to present the rate of positivity of anti-HLA antibody considering the effect of a single sensitizing event in kidney transplant candidates in the Campania Region (Southern Italy).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resse¹,

Paolillo²,

Minucci³

et al. 2018

Exp Clin Transplant

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Objectives: Human leukocyte antigen alloimmunization is caused by exposure to HLA antigens through transfusion, pregnancy, or transplant. Our study objective was to present the rate of positivity of anti-HLA antibody considering the effects of a single sensitization event in kidney transplant candidates at our center. Materials and Methods: Our study reviewed 606 kidney transplant candidates. Patient sera were analyzed using Luminex xMAP technology. Panel reactive antibody positivity rates and antibody strengths in patients were analyzed according to a single sensitization event. Results: Our findings showed 246 patients (40.6%) with a panel reactive antibody > 0, of which 97 (39.4%) were sensitized from a single event, 119 (48.4%) were sensitized by multiple events, and 30 (12.2%) had no known sensitizing event. Considering patients sensitized by a single event with a panel reactive antibody > 0, we found that 25.8% had received transplant only, 49.5% had previous pregnancy only, and 24.7% had received transfusion only. The strength of antibodies was significantly higher in patients with previous transplant procedures than in those with transfusion for HLA-A (P < .01), HLA-B (P < .05), HLA-C (P < .05), HLA-DR (P < .001), HLA-DQ (P < .05), and HLA-DP (P < .05). Similarly, we observed significantly higher median fluorescence intensity values for HLA-A, -DR, -DQ, and -DP loci in patients with a previous transplant procedure versus preg nancy. The strength of antibodies against HLA-DR was significantly higher in patients with a previous pregnancy compared with those with transfusion (P < .01). Conclusions: This study documents the profile of HLA alloimmunization in kidney transplant candidates. In particular, transplant procedures appear to have a greater immunologic impact, followed by pregnancy and transfusion. Our data confirm and are in accordance with those of several studies in which the sensitization events were associated with higher prevalence of anti-HLA antibodies.

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“…In spite of an extensive search, crossreactions have only been postulated between certain strains of staphylococci and streptococci and the H-ag's of a few species (3)(4)(5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

REACTIVITY OF LYMPHOCYTES FROM GERMFREE RATS IN MIXED LEUKOCYTE CULTURE AND IN GRATT-VERSUS-HOST REACTION

Nielsen

1972

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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The reactivity of lymphoid cells from germfree and conventional CDF rats were compared in mixed leukocyte culture (MLC) with both allogeneic rat leukocytes and with human leukocytes as stimulating cells, and in a graft-versus-host (GVH) assay. There was no difference between germfree and conventional rats in any of these systems. Furthermore, the increase in GVH activity after specific immunization against a strong histocompatibility antigen was small in both cases. The findings are incompatible with the hypothesis that the high proportion of antigen-sensitive cells against strong histocompatibility antigens is caused by cross-reactions between microbial antigens and histocompatibility antigens.

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Cross-Reactions between Streptococcal M Proteins and Human Transplantation Antigens

Cited by 108 publications

References 16 publications

Antibodies to HLA-E in Nonalloimmunized Males: Pattern of HLA-Ia Reactivity of Anti–HLA-E–Positive Sera

Antibodies to HLA-E in Nonalloimmunized Males: Pattern of HLA-Ia Reactivity of Anti–HLA-E–Positive Sera

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REACTIVITY OF LYMPHOCYTES FROM GERMFREE RATS IN MIXED LEUKOCYTE CULTURE AND IN GRATT-VERSUS-HOST REACTION

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