Cross‐reactive carbohydrate determinant‐specific IgE obscures true atopy and exhibits ⍺‐1,3‐fucose epitope‐specific inverse associations with asthma

Nkurunungi, Gyaviira; Mpairwe, Harriet; Versteeg, Serge A.; Diepen, Angela van; Nassuuna, Jacent; Kabagenyi, Joyce; Nambuya, Irene; Sanya, Richard E.; Nampijja, Margaret; Serna, Sonia; Reichardt, Niels‐Christian; Hokke, Cornelis H.; Webb, Emily L.; Ree, Ronald van; Yazdanbakhsh, Maria; Elliott, Alison M.

doi:10.1111/all.14469

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(178 reference statements)

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“…The first two related studies, done in urban and rural Ghanaian schoolchildren, showed that anti-glycan IgE responses may be dominant over those of common allergen-specific IgE, namely peanuts [ 44 ], and preferentially associated with Schistosoma infection [ 22 ]. The third study, performed in blood collected from urban and rural Ugandan schoolchildren, showed that aeroallergen-specific IgE tests were more frequently positive than SPT to the same allergens, and also that such serum IgE tests were artificially positive to the tested allergens ( Der pteronyssinus , German cockroaches, and peanuts), since a high proportion of this positivity was attributable to CCD-specific IgE and not to true atopy [ 45 ]. Furthermore, in vitro inhibition of IgE binding to CCDs has been shown to increase diagnostic selectivity of allergen-specific tests [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of Consistent Association between Asthma, Allergic Diseases, and Intestinal Helminth Infection in School-Aged Children in the Province of Bengo, Angola

Arrais¹,

Lulua²,

Quifica³

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Epidemiological studies have shown conflicting findings on the relationship between asthma, atopy, and intestinal helminth infections. There are no such studies from Angola; therefore, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between asthma, allergic diseases, atopy, and intestinal helminth infection in Angolan schoolchildren. We performed a cross-sectional study of schoolchildren between September and November 2017. Five schools (three urban, two rural) were randomly selected. Asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema were defined by appropriate symptoms in the previous 12 months: atopy was defined by positive skin prick tests (SPT) or aeroallergen-specific IgE; intestinal helminths were detected by faecal sample microscopy. In total, 1023 children were evaluated (48.4% female; 57.6% aged 10–14 years; 60.5% urban). Asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, or eczema were present in 9%, 6%, and 16% of the studies children, respectively. Only 8% of children had positive SPT, but 64% had positive sIgE. Additionally, 40% were infected with any intestinal helminth (A. lumbricoides 25.9%, T. trichiura 7.6%, and H. nana 6.3%). There were no consistent associations between intestinal helminth infections and asthma, allergic diseases, or atopy, except for A. lumbricoides, which was inversely associated with rhinoconjuctivitis and directly associated with aeroallergen-specific IgE. We concluded that, overall, intestinal helminth infections were not consistently associated with allergic symptoms or atopy. Future, preferably longitudinal, studies should collect more detailed information on helminth infections as part of clusters of environmental determinants of allergies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of Consistent Association between Asthma, Allergic Diseases, and Intestinal Helminth Infection in School-Aged Children in the Province of Bengo, Angola

Arrais¹,

Lulua²,

Quifica³

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…30 Reactivity towards a subset of core N-glycans carrying α-1,3-fucose was inversely associated with asthma. 31 The above mentioned protective factors are part of the environmental exposures pertaining to the so-called hygiene or old friends hypotheses, which further include sibship size, pet ownership, (other) gastrointestinal infections, and environmental biodiversity. 32 Some of the abovementioned epidemiological surveys have explored potential underlying mechanisms suggesting that risk factors might boost inflammatory responses, affect bronchial epithelial barrier function, or associate with the metabolic syndrome, or both.…”

Section: Protective Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary prevention of asthma: from risk and protective factors to targeted strategies for prevention

2020

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Asthma is a complex disease that often starts in childhood. Genomic and environmental factors as well as aberrant immune maturation early in life can contribute to the onset of disease, with great disparity over time and geographical regions. Epidemiological studies have scrutinised environmental exposures and attempted to translate these exposures into prevention strategies. Some approaches for patients with asthma have been successful (eg, smoking ban, the Finnish Asthma Programme), and primary prevention of wheeze in pre-school children (age 0-5 years) by the supplementation of vitamin D or fish oil, or both, to pregnant women seems promising. Several recent prevention initiatives are based on strong asthma-protective environmental microbial exposures associated with traditional rural lifestyles. Preclinical studies with various bacterial lysates, bacterial and dietary metabolites, or helminthic compounds have yielded promising results that await translation into clinical practice. Given the immense societal and individual burden of asthma, there is an urgent need to further develop novel strategies to eradicate the disease.

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“…Although the presence of oligosaccharides on other helminths is well established, there is relatively little evidence regarding the significance of IgE antibodies to these epitopes. A recent study provides evidence that IgE to classical CCD, particularly those with an alpha‐1, 3‐fucose epitope, may not just be an epiphenomenon of parasite exposure but may be implicated in the protective effect of certain environmental and geohelminth exposures against asthma 84 …”

Section: Group D Oligosaccharide Epitopes That Are the Targets For Ige Ab Responses To Schistosomes And Other Helminthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate epitopes currently recognized as targets for IgE antibodies

Platts‐Mills

Hilger

Jappe

et al. 2021

Allergy

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Until recently, glycan epitopes have not been documented by the WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee. This was in part due to scarce or incomplete information on these oligosaccharides, but also due to the widely held opinion that IgE to these epitopes had little or no relevance to allergic symptoms. Most IgE-binding glycans recognized up to 2008 were considered to be "classical" cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCD) that occur in insects, some helminths and throughout the plant kingdom. Since 2008, the prevailing opinion on lack of clinical relevance of IgEbinding glycans has been subject to a reevaluation. This was because IgE specific for the mammalian disaccharide galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal) was identified as a cause of delayed anaphylaxis to mammalian meat in the United States, an observation that has been confirmed by allergists in many parts of the world. Several experimental studies have shown that oligosaccharides with one or more terminal alpha-gal How to cite this article: Platts-Mills TA, Hilger C, Jappe U, et al. Carbohydrate epitopes currently recognized as targets for IgE

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Cross‐reactive carbohydrate determinant‐specific IgE obscures true atopy and exhibits ⍺‐1,3‐fucose epitope‐specific inverse associations with asthma

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 16 publications

References 69 publications

Lack of Consistent Association between Asthma, Allergic Diseases, and Intestinal Helminth Infection in School-Aged Children in the Province of Bengo, Angola

Lack of Consistent Association between Asthma, Allergic Diseases, and Intestinal Helminth Infection in School-Aged Children in the Province of Bengo, Angola

Primary prevention of asthma: from risk and protective factors to targeted strategies for prevention

Carbohydrate epitopes currently recognized as targets for IgE antibodies

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