Cross-sectional study of blood lead effects on iron status in Korean lead workers

Kim, Hee Seon; Lee, Sungsoo; Hwangbo, Young; Ahn, K. H.; Lee, Byung Kook

doi:10.1016/s0899-9007(03)00035-2

Cited by 43 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The increased absorption of ingested Pb in Fe-deficient rats was demonstrated by Six and Goyer (1972) and has been corroborated by others (Angle et al, 1977;Ragan, 1977;Robertson and Worwood, 1978;Flanagan et al, 1979;Wright et al, 1998). Consistently, Fe supplement reduces Pb body burden (Choi and Kim, 2003;Hammad et al, 1996;Kim et al, 2003). Specific cellular importers for Pb are unlikely as the metal serves no nutritional requirement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Researches in the past have demonstrated that there is an intimate relationship between Pb exposure and Fe metabolism in biological systems. For example, Fe deficiency can lead to an augment in Pb absorption (Bradman et al, 2001;Wright et al, 1999); vice versa, Fe supplement can reduce the Pb absorption from the intestine (Choi and Kim, 2003;Hammad et al, 1996;Kim et al, 2003). However, the questions as to whether or not Fe supplement may protect against Pb toxicity on the BBB have never been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Iron supplement prevents lead-induced disruption of the blood–brain barrier during rat development

Wang

Luo

Zheng

et al. 2007

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

102

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Children are known to be venerable to lead (Pb) toxicity. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) in immature brain is particularly vulnerable to Pb insults. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that Pb exposure damaged the integrity of the BBB in young animals and iron (Fe) supplement may prevent against Pb-induced BBB disruption. Male weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Three groups of rats were exposed to Pb in drinking water containing 342 μg Pb/mL as Pb acetate, among which two groups were concurrently administered by oral gavage once every other day with 7 mg Fe/kg and 14 mg Fe/kg as FeSO 4 solution as the low and high Fe treatment group, respectively, for 6 weeks. The control group received sodium acetate in drinking water. Pb exposure significantly increased Pb concentrations in blood by 6.6-folds (p<0.05) and brain tissues by 1.5-2.0-folds (p<0.05) as compared to controls. Under the electron microscope, Pb exposure in young animals caused an extensive extravascular staining of lanthanum nitrate in brain parenchyma, suggesting a leakage of cerebral vasculature. Western blot showed that Pb treatment led to 29-68% reduction (p<0.05) in the expression of occludin as compared to the controls. Fe supplement among Pb-exposed rats maintained the normal ultrastructure of the BBB and restored the expression of occludin to normal levels. Moreover, the low dose Fe supplement significantly reduced Pb levels in blood and brain tissues. These data suggest that Pb exposure disrupts the structure of the BBB in young animals. The increased BBB permeability may facilitate the accumulation of Pb. Fe supplement appears to protect the integrity of the BBB against Pb insults, a beneficial effect that may have significant clinical implications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron supplement prevents lead-induced disruption of the blood–brain barrier during rat development

Wang

Luo

Zheng

et al. 2007

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

102

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“…Some papers reported no relationship between blood lead and hemoglobin levels in occupationally exposed adults whose blood lead levels were less than 50 μ g/dl 17,18) . However, others reported a significant relationship between blood lead and hemoglobin levels when blood lead levels were below 40 μ g/dl 19,20) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Blood Lead Levels between Migrant and Native Lead Workers Before and After Implementation of a New Employment Permit System for Migrant Workers

Kim

Lee

2011

Ind Health

Self Cite

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Abstract:We compared the blood lead and other lead biomarkers between migrant and native workers with a focus on the impact of the legal employment permit system that was effective from 2003, which required employers to provide mandatory annual health examinations for migrant workers on lead biomarkers in 1997 and 2005. The mean blood lead level of migrant workers was 59.5 ± 19.4 μg/dl, yielding 47% of lead poisoning cases, which was significantly higher than that of native workers (36.8 ± 14.5 μg/dl; 11% of lead poisoning cases) in 1997 before enactment of the act. The overall mean blood ZPP levels and ALAU of migrant workers were significantly higher than those of native workers. In 2005, after new migrant worker regulations were instituted, the mean value of above lead biomarkers workers was still significantly higher than that of native workers, but the magnitude of the differences was smaller compared with the difference in 1997. We confirmed that the 2003 regulations played an important role in improving the health of migrant workers in the lead industry in terms of their blood lead levels and other lead biomarkers.

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“…These results are consistent with other studies, indicating that lead affects the heme synthetic pathway directly. 30,31 Thus, Hb, Hct and RBC may be recognized as nonspecific but useful markers of lead toxicity.…”

Section: Lead Levels In Blood Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposures of lead to adolescent workers in battery recycling workshops and surrounding communities

Shah

Kazi

Afridi

et al. 2012

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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In the present study, the environmental and occupational exposure of lead (Pb) has been assessed by analyzing the wholeblood samples of early adolescents (boys) aged 12--15 years working for the past 1--3 years in battery recycling workshops (BRW). For comparative purpose, boys of the same age group residing in the vicinity of BRW (exposed non-workers) and who lived in domestic areas devoid of any industrial activity (referents boys) were selected. The blood samples were analyzed for Pb, along with biochemical parameters of blood. Both biological samples were oxidized by acid in a microwave oven before determination of Pb by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean value of Pb concentration in blood samples of working boys was threefold higher as compared with referent boys. The significant negative correlations of blood Pb level with % Hb (r ¼ À0.862) were observed in working boys.

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Cross-sectional study of blood lead effects on iron status in Korean lead workers

Cited by 43 publications

References 16 publications

Iron supplement prevents lead-induced disruption of the blood–brain barrier during rat development

Iron supplement prevents lead-induced disruption of the blood–brain barrier during rat development

A Comparison of Blood Lead Levels between Migrant and Native Lead Workers Before and After Implementation of a New Employment Permit System for Migrant Workers

Exposures of lead to adolescent workers in battery recycling workshops and surrounding communities

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