Cross-sectional surveys and subtype classification of human Blastocystis isolates from four epidemiological settings in China

Li, Lan Hua; Zhang, Xiaoping; Lv, Shan; Zhang, Ling; Yoshikawa, Hideki; Wu, Zhiliang; Steinmann, Peter; Utzinger, Jürg; Tong, Xin; Chen, Shao Hong; Zhou, Xiao-Nong

doi:10.1007/s00436-007-0727-0

Cited by 108 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…infection. 9 However, other studies found no significant relation between the infection prevalence and age. 38,39 These contradictory results can be explained by the local determinants such as the environmental conditions that affect the fecal-oral route of transmission among individuals of different ages and genders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Epidemiology and Prevalence of Blastocystis spp. in North Cyprus

Seyer¹,

Karasartova²,

Ruh³

et al. 2017

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Blastocystis spp. and its subtypes (STs) in North Cyprus; and to evaluate the presence of this parasite and its STs with respect to demographic, socioeconomic, and epidemiological factors, as well as gastrointestinal symptoms. Stool samples were collected from 230 volunteers. Each participant also filled out a questionnaire. The samples were examined microscopically by native-Lugol and trichrome methods and further tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Prevalence of Blastocystis spp. infection was found to be 10.5%, 10.5%, and 27.8%, by direct microscopy, trichrome method, and PCR, respectively. No other parasites were detected in the specimens except Giardia spp. (n = 2; 0.8%) and Entamoeba coli (n = 1; 0.4%). The most common Blastocystis STs were ST3 (20; 31.2%), ST2 (18; 28.2%), ST1 (8; 12.5%), and ST4 (7; 11%); whereas other STs were identified as ST6 (3; 4.7%), ST7 (2; 3.2%), and non-ST (6; 9.4%). Presence of Blastocystis spp. and its STs was not significantly related to any of the demographic, socioeconomic, and epidemiological factors. Furthermore, no significant association of Blastocystis spp. and its STs with gastrointestinal symptoms was found. This study is the first investigation of the epidemiology of Blastocystis spp. in North Cyprus. Distribution of Blastocystis spp. and its STs among demographic, socioeconomic, and epidemiological factors showed complete homogeneity. Presence of the parasite and its STs was not significantly related with the gastrointestinal symptoms among symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. These findings suggest that Blastocystis spp. may be part of the intestinal flora in humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…comprises at least 17 subtypes (STs) nine of which have been reported in humans. [6][7][8][9][10][11] Pathogenesis of blastocystosis still remains uncertain, as the organisms can be found in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. 6 It has been proposed that the pathogenesis of Blastocystis spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Prevalence of Blastocystis spp. in North Cyprus

Seyer¹,

Karasartova²,

Ruh³

et al. 2017

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…It is to be noted that the high prevalence of Blastocystis hominis in the current study (up to 27%) is consistent with reports of up to 33% prevalence of this parasite in China. 58 Data in vitro suggest that Blastocystis hominis may induce inflammatory cytokines in the host' s gut epithelial cells. 59 No differences in the prevalence of this parasite were seen between groups at the end of the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Follow-up Formula Consumption in 3- to 4-Year-Olds and Respiratory Infections: An RCT

Jin

Liu

et al. 2014

Pediatrics

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OBJECTIVE: Children are vulnerable to diet inadequacies, which may affect immune function. Our objective was to determine if a follow-up formula (FUF) containing DHA, the prebiotics PDX and GOS, and yeast β-glucan affects incidence of respiratory infections and diarrheal disease in healthy children. METHODS: In a double-blind, randomized, controlled, prospective trial, 3-4 year old children were fed 3 servings per day of either a FUF with 25 mg DHA, 1.2 g PDX/GOS, and 8.7 mg yeast β-glucan per serving or an unfortified, cow’s milk-based beverage (control) for 28 weeks. Fecal and blood samples were collected to assess immune markers and iron/zinc status. Incidence of acute respiratory infections (ARI), diarrheal disease, and antibiotic treatment were obtained from medical records. RESULTS: The FUF group had fewer episodes and shorter duration of ARI (mean days [SE]; control = 4.3 [0.2]; FUF = 3.5 [0.2]; P = .007), less antibiotic use (n [%]; control = 21 [14%]; FUF = 8 [5%]; P = .01), and fewer missed days of day care due to illness. No diarrheal disease was diagnosed in either group. The FUF group had higher interleukin-10 and white blood cell count at the end of the study. There were no differences in hemoglobin, serum ferritin and zinc, or fecal secretory immunoglobulin A. CONCLUSIONS: Daily consumption of a FUF was associated with fewer episodes and shorter duration of ARI, as well as less antibiotic use. The children who consumed the FUF had increased interleukin-10 and white blood cells, suggesting an antiinflammatory mechanism and/or an increase of effector immune cells.

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“…According to a report by the world health organization (WHO), about three billion of world population is infected with intestinal parasite [3,4] and 450 million people, including children experience the adverse effects of intestinal parasitic disease [5]. A careful perusal of literature indicates that the prevalence rate of intestinal parasite infection is 7% -20% in developed countries while 30% -60% children in rural areas are affected by parasite infection in these countries [6][7][8][9][10][11]. Malnutrition, diarrhea, weight loss, anemia pose a mortal threat to human populations and cause about 16 million deaths in the developing countries every year [1,[12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasite Infections among Children in the Day Care Centers of Gonbad-e Kavus County, North-Eastern Iran

Mesgarian

Sofizadeh

Shoraka

et al. 2017

Zahedan J Res Med Sci

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Background: Intestinal parasite infection is one of the major health problems in the world especially in the developing countries. Objectives: This study was an attempt to examine the prevalence of intestinal parasite infection in the day care centers in Gonbad-e Kavus. Methods: In this cross sectional study, 932 children were recruited from 45 day care centers in Gonbad-e Kavus in Iran, through a survey and their stool samples were examined using direct wet mount, formalin-ether concentration and Trichrome staining techniques. Also, scotch tape slides were microscopically analyzed. Data were analyzed using percentage, frequency and Chi-square test using SPSS ver.16. Odds Ratio was used show the effect size of socio-demographic variables on the rate of intestinal parasite infection. Results: The prevalence of intestinal parasite infections among the children was 26.6%. This study found a significant relationship between the children age, parent education and the place of residency with the rate of intestinal parasite infection (P < 0.05). The children in rural areas were 1.55 times more likely than the children in urban areas to be infected with intestinal parasites (OR = 1.55). Moreover, the results of this study showed that an increase in parent's education for one level decreased the risk of infection in their children by 6% (OR = 0.94). Also, with a rise in the age of participants for a year, the risk of infection increased by 44% (OR = 1.44). Conclusions: Due to the high rate of intestinal parasite infections among children, parents and child care workers need to learn about the various means by which parasites can be transmitted in day care centers.

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Cross-sectional surveys and subtype classification of human Blastocystis isolates from four epidemiological settings in China

Cited by 108 publications

References 28 publications

Epidemiology and Prevalence of Blastocystis spp. in North Cyprus

Epidemiology and Prevalence of Blastocystis spp. in North Cyprus

Follow-up Formula Consumption in 3- to 4-Year-Olds and Respiratory Infections: An RCT

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasite Infections among Children in the Day Care Centers of Gonbad-e Kavus County, North-Eastern Iran

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