Cross‐species characterisation of polymorphic microsatellite loci in the giant otter (<i>Pteronura brasiliensis</i>)

Pickles, Robert S. A.; Groombridge, James J.; Rojas, V. D. Zambrana; Jordan, William Chester

doi:10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02232.x

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These markers had previously been PCR amplified in the giant otter and were found to be polymorphic (Pickles et al 2009). The 13 primer pairs were divided into three triplexes (Lut453, 04OT17, RIO12; Lut435, Lut733, RIO16; Lut604, Lut782, RIO15), one duoplex (Lut701, RIO6) and two singleplexes (RIO3, RIO17).…”

Section: Dna Extraction and Amplificationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Genetic diversity and population structure in the endangered giant otter, Pteronura brasiliensis

et al. 2011

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We assessed levels of genetic diversity and investigated patterns of population structure in three remnant populations of the endangered giant otter, Pteronura brasiliensis, using microsatellite loci. All populations displayed moderate to low levels of heterozygosity and allelic richness (H O 0.56-0.57, A R 4.00-5.15) and effective population sizes were low (N E 10.8-54) although only the Iténez population exhibited the signature of a genetic bottleneck. Population structure analyses revealed a pattern in which the populations of the Upper Amazon, Orinoco and Essequibo drainages comprised partially differentiated segments of a northern South American metapopulation, whereas the population of the Iténez appeared isolated. The observed patterns are congruent with previous mitochondrial DNA analysis which suggested the Iténez and northern South American groups constitute two evolutionary significant units. The results presented here should be considered in planning future policies aiming to manage the recovery of the giant otter across its range.

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Section: Dna Extraction and Amplificationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Genetic diversity and population structure in the endangered giant otter, Pteronura brasiliensis

et al. 2011

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“…The use of cross-species primers has been conducted successfully for amplification of alleles in numerous otter and other animal species in situations in which species-specific primers have not yet been developed. [15][16][17][18][19] Gauteng was selected as it represents a complex landscape comprising urban areas surrounded by less transformed periurban areas. There are numerous interconnecting rivers within Gauteng that flow through varying levels of urbanisation (residential suburbs, industrial, mining and commercial areas) and natural environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of African clawless otters (Aonyx capensis) occurring in urbanised areas of Gauteng, South Africa

Ponsonby¹,

Madisha²,

Schwaibold³

et al. 2019

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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Genetic diversity is the basis of the evolutionary potential of species to respond to environmental changes. However, restricting the movement of species can result in populations becoming less connected which can reduce gene flow and can subsequently result in a loss of genetic diversity. Urban expansion can lead to the fragmentation of habitats which affects the ability of species to move freely between areas. In this study, the genetic diversity of the African clawless otter (Aonyx capensis) in Gauteng (South Africa) was assessed using non-invasive sampling techniques. DNA was extracted from spraint (faecal) samples collected along nine rivers and genotyped using 10 microsatellites to assess population structure and genetic diversity. Samples were grouped based on locality and by catchment to determine whether isolated subpopulations exist. Genetic diversity of A. capensis in Gauteng was found to be low (mean observed heterozygosity (Ho)=0.309). Analysis of genetic structure provides support for the otter populations being panmictic with high gene flow between populations from different rivers. Results from the study indicate that the movement of A. capensis is not affected by physical barriers in urbanised areas. However, because the genetic diversity of the species in the study area is low, these animals may not be able to cope with future environmental changes.

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“…With regard to the use of microsatellite markers, Pickles et al (2009) analyzed the effectiveness of amplification and the degree of polymorphism of 34 markers developed for Lutra lutra (19) and Lontra canadensis (15) in 20 stool samples of P. brasiliensis collected in the Amazonian basin of Bolivia. These authors were able to amplify 60 % of samples, and 32 of the 34 loci were effective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation genetics of otters: Review about the use of non-invasive samples

Duque

Orozco-Jiménez

Zapata-Escobar

et al. 2018

Therya

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Wild population management programs require determining some fundamental aspects for conservation, including population structure, flow between populations, evolutionary history and kinship, among others. Since sample collection from wild mammals for DNA extraction is a complex task, conservation genetics has developed non-invasive sampling techniques, which allow obtaining DNA without the need to capture individuals. For the genetic characterization of otter populations, stools are frequently used as source of DNA for amplification of molecular markers (microsatellites, mitochondrial segments and sequences for determining sex) in studies on genetic diversity, phylogeography, population structure and size, among others. This review summarizes the application of non-invasive sampling techniques in genetic studies of otter species. Genetic characterization studies that use stools as source of DNA support the usefulness of this material to get amplified markers in the genotyping of individuals. They also suggest the use of fresh samples and appropriate conservation methods to avoid DNA degradation, as well as quantify the potential errors in genotyping, such as false and null alleles. En los programas de manejo de poblaciones silvestres es necesario conocer algunos aspectos fundamentales para su conservación como la estructura poblacional, el flujo entre poblaciones, la historia evolutiva y el parentesco, entre otros. Dado que en mamíferos silvestres es difícil acceder a muestras para la extracción de ADN, la genética de la conservación ha desarrollado técnicas de muestreo no invasivas, que permiten obtener ADN sin necesidad de capturar los individuos. En la caracterización genética de poblaciones de nutrias se emplean frecuentemente las heces como fuente de ADN para la amplificación de marcadores moleculares (microsatélites, segmentos mitocondriales y secuencias para la determinación del sexo) en estudios de diversidad genética, filogeografía, estructura y tamaño de las poblaciones, entre otros. En ésta revisión se presenta una síntesis de la aplicación de técnicas de muestreo no invasivas en los estudios genéticos de las especies de nutria. Los estudios de caracterización genética, utilizando heces como fuente de ADN, coinciden en la utilidad de este material para obtener amplificados de calidad en la genotipificación de individuos. También sugieren el uso de muestras frescas y la aplicación de métodos de conservación apropiados para evitar la degradación del ADN y cuantificar los posibles errores de genotipificación como los alelos falsos y nulos. ADN mitocondrial, diversidad genética, microsatélites, marcadores moleculares, muestreos no invasivos, nutrias.

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Cross‐species characterisation of polymorphic microsatellite loci in the giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis)

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Genetic diversity and population structure in the endangered giant otter, Pteronura brasiliensis

Genetic diversity and population structure in the endangered giant otter, Pteronura brasiliensis

Genetic diversity of African clawless otters (Aonyx capensis) occurring in urbanised areas of Gauteng, South Africa

Conservation genetics of otters: Review about the use of non-invasive samples

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