Crosstalk between coagulation and inflammation in mastitis and metritis in dairy cows

Abstract

Coagulation and inflammation are closely related as part of the mechanisms of host defence during a severe infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between thrombin as a factor in both the coagulative and inflammatory processes and neutrophil secretory function on the basis of lactoferrin (LF), elastase and myeloperoxidase release in the course of mastitis and metritis in cows. Thrombin generation was measured on the basis of hydrolysis of SAR-PRO-ARG-pNA and lactoferrin concentration was estimated by an ELISA method. The greatest thrombin generation was observed in the metritis group (1.18 ± 0.62 IU). The level of LF was the highest in the group of cows with mastitis (0.74 ± 0.55 mg/ml) in the first phase of the disease. In the second phase of the diseases the level of serum LF in cows with mastitis diminished to the value of 0.41 ± 0.16 mg/ml, whereas in cows with metritis the level of LF increased to 0.51 ± 0.17 mg/ml. This study reveals that the excessive production of thrombin not only causes hypercoagulatory disorders but also exaggerates neutrophil function by the release of some enzymes which may play a destructive role during disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). These enzymes also inhibit anticoagulative systems, thus potentially worsening the course of the disease.

Mannose-Binding Lectin Binds to Amyloid Protein and Modulates Inflammation

“…Although MBL protein has also been found in other organs, such as skin, brain, and lung, its mRNA has not been detected in those areas [3, 4, 7–10], suggesting that MBL may be recruited to regions where its targets are located. MBL modulates inflammation in infection and tissue injury [2, 11, 12], with extensive interactivity with inflammatory and other complement pathways [13, 14]. Concerted action of these systems is required to maintain homeostasis, as dysfunction may result in impaired immunity, autoimmunity, or other disorder of homeostasis.…”

Consequences of endocarditis in an adult cow with a ventricular septal defect

“…A potential aetiology of secondary haemostasis defects in cattle include protein losing nephropathy and DIC. DIC is often associated with bacterial sepsis (Irmak and others 2006, Bobowiec and others 2009) as well thromboembolism, neoplasia and immune‐mediated diseases in human beings (Levi and ten Cate 1999). A detailed review of the complex aetiology of secondary haemostasis defects is provided by Stockham and Scott (2008).…”

Potential of Indigenous Enzymatic Activities, Nitric Oxide and Ceruloplasmin in Bovine Milk to Diagnose Subclinical Mastitis

“…MPO, along with hydrogen peroxide and halide creates potent oxygen dependent antimicrobial agent of the cell against pathogen [15]. Researcher observed increased [16,17]. Similarly, lactoperoxidase (LP) is the predominant enzyme in bovine milk responsible for its antimicrobial properties, which requires sufficient concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and thiocyanate ion.…”