Crosstalk Between Dermal Fibroblasts and Dendritic Cells During Dengue Virus Infection

Variability in Susceptibility to Type I Interferon Response and Subgenomic RNA Accumulation Between Clinical Isolates of Dengue and Zika Virus From Oaxaca Mexico Correlate With Replication Efficiency in Human Cells and Disease Severity

“…Once characterized, we compared the replication curves of the ten Flavivirus isolates on Vero cells and the human cell lines HFF-1 and U937-DC-SIGN. We used the human dermal fibroblast cell line HFF-1 as a model to study the early stages of Flavivirus infection since there is evidence that replication in this skin resident cell type could represent an advantage to the virus to establish a productive infection ( Montes-Gómez et al., 2020 ). We also evaluated replication in the human monocyte cell line U937-DC-SIGN as a model of the critical stage of Flavivirus infection since monocytes have been associated with the pathogenesis during DENV and ZIKV infection ( Wong et al., 2012 ; Ayala-Nunez et al., 2019 ).…”

“…These observed differences between HFF-1 and U937-DC-SIGN cells could be associated with the differences in the induced innate immune response of each cell type to Flavivirus infection; it has been reported that DENV-infected monocytes secrete MCP-1, interferon γ-induced protein (IP)-10, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-1β. Meanwhile, DENV- or ZIKV-infected human dermal fibroblasts secrete mainly IFNβ ( Kwissa et al., 2014 ; Kim et al., 2019 ; Montes-Gómez et al., 2020 ). The observed differences between peak titers in dermal fibroblasts and monocytes suggest that replication efficiency varies between cocirculating Flavivirus variants between epidemic years.…”

Primary infection with Zika virus provides one-way heterologous protection against Spondweni virus infection in rhesus macaques

“…We next asked whether primary cells from cynomolgus and rhesus macaques were differentially susceptible to SPONV. Skin fibroblasts have been shown to be permissive to ZIKV infection, and are one of the initial sites of infection for many arboviruses following mosquito-bite inoculation ( 25, 26 ). We therefore started our characterization of SPONV replication in primary skin fibroblasts derived from adult cynomolgus and rhesus macaques.…”

Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) NS1′ Enhances the Viral Infection of Dendritic Cells (DCs) and Macrophages in Pig Tonsils

“…Proinflammatory cytokines are also highly expressed in JEV-infected tonsils. Mediators produced by DCs and macrophages can both enhance protective immune responses and promote infection, indicating duality in the response of APCs ( 37 ). Our results showed that iNOS was significantly elevated during infection.…”