Crowdsourcing neuroscience: Inter-brain coupling during face-to-face interactions outside the laboratory

Dikker, Suzanne; Michalareas, Georgios; Oostrik, Matthias; Serafimaki, Amalia; Kahraman, Hasibe Melda; Struiksma, Marijn; Poeppel, David

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117436

Cited by 110 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…By the end of the study, teams were higher than individuals on synchrony ( Figure 6C ). This is consistent with previous work which found that inter-brain synchrony and focus decreased over time, and that such a decrease can be attenuated by socially relevant manipulations ( Dikker et al , 2019 ). This suggests that inter-brain synchrony may capture socially relevant neural information processing and may reflect or promote coordinated attention and action.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…After EEG setup, we connected all four EEG headsets to a main computer in the testing room, which used custom software (developed in C++ and OpenFrameworks, see supplement Figure S2B for screenshot; https://openframeworks.cc/ ; see Dikker et al , 2017 ; 2019 ; note that this software is only compatible with EPOC and not EPOC+) to record EEG data from all four headsets simultaneously. One experimenter, who was the same experimenter for all groups, remained in the testing room and oversaw the experiment (managing the simultaneous EEG recordings from the main computer and providing instructions to participants).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EEG data were recorded from 44 groups of 4 subjects ( N = 174) across 14 separate tasks each, totaling 47.5 min per subject ( Figure 2 ). EEG data pre-processing was identical to Dikker et al (2019) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data from each participant were concatenated for the time-frequency analysis, which was performed using a Hanning-taper transformation ( Maris and Oostenveld, 2007 ) on each time point of each cleaned dataset with a window length of five periods of each frequency (1–40 Hz). Inter-brain synchrony was quantified following a similar rationale as our previous group synchrony work ( Dikker et al , 2017 ; Bevilacqua et al , 2019 ), using the same computations as Dikker et al (2019) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the social awareness and increase in inter-brain synchrony that arises when coordinating with a partner may reflect an aspect of how social facilitation impacts team performance ( Szymanski et al , 2017 ) and collaborative learning ( Antonenko et al , 2019 ). Taken together, inter-brain synchrony might reflect the sharing of attention or psychological states necessary for coordinating actions ( Mu et al , 2018 ; Minagawa et al , 2018 ; Dikker et al , 2019 ), which could facilitate collective performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inter-brain synchrony in teams predicts collective performance

Reinero

Dikker

Bavel

2020

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

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Despite decades of research in economics and psychology attempting to identify ingredients that make up successful teams, neuroscientists have only just begun to study how multiple brains interact. Recent research has shown that people’s brain activity becomes synchronized with others’ (inter-brain synchrony) during social engagement. However, little is known as to whether inter-brain synchrony relates to collective behavior within teams. Here, we merge the nascent field of group neuroscience with the extant literature of team dynamics and collective performance. We recruited 174 participants in groups of 4 and randomly assigned them to complete a series of problem-solving tasks either independently or as a team, while simultaneously recording each person’s brain activity using an EEG hyperscanning setup. This design allowed us to examine the relationship between group identification and inter-brain synchrony in explaining collective performance. As expected, teammates identified more strongly with one another, cooperated more on an economic game, and outperformed the average individual on most problem-solving tasks. Crucially, inter-brain synchrony, but not self-reported group identification, predicted collective performance among teams. These results suggest that inter-brain synchrony can be informative in understanding collective performance among teams where self-report measures may fail to capture behavior.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inter-brain synchrony in teams predicts collective performance

Reinero

Dikker

Bavel

2020

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

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Educational neuroscience: current status and future opportunities

Sambeth¹,

Durning²,

Huotilainen³

et al. 2022

Researching Medical Education

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Pseudo‐mutual gazing enhances interbrain synchrony during remote joint attention tasking

Chuang

Hsu

2023

Brain and Behavior

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IntroductionMutual gaze enables people to share attention and increase engagement during social interactions through intentional and implicit messages. Although previous studies have explored gaze behaviors and neural mechanisms underlying in‐person eye contact, the growing prevalence of remote communication has raised questions about how to establish mutual gaze remotely and how the brains of interacting individuals synchronize.MethodsTo address these questions, we conducted a study using eye trackers to create a pseudo‐mutual gaze channel that mirrors the gazes of each interacting dyad on their respective remote screens. To demonstrate fluctuations in coupling across brains, we incorporated electroencephalographic hyperscanning techniques to simultaneously record the brain activity of interacting dyads engaged in a joint attention task in player‐observer, collaborative, and competitive modes.ResultsOur results indicated that mutual gaze could improve the efficiency of joint attention activities among remote partners. Moreover, by employing the phase locking value, we could estimate interbrain synchrony (IBS) and observe low‐frequency couplings in the frontal and temporal regions that varied based on the interaction mode. While dyadic gender composition significantly affected gaze patterns, it did not impact the IBS.ConclusionThese results provide insight into the neurological mechanisms underlying remote interaction through the pseudo‐mutual gaze channel and have significant implications for developing effective online communication environments.

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Crowdsourcing neuroscience: Inter-brain coupling during face-to-face interactions outside the laboratory

Cited by 110 publications

References 75 publications

Inter-brain synchrony in teams predicts collective performance

Inter-brain synchrony in teams predicts collective performance

Educational neuroscience: current status and future opportunities

Pseudo‐mutual gazing enhances interbrain synchrony during remote joint attention tasking

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