Cruciate ligament reflexes

Krogsgaard, Michael; Dyhre‐Poulsen, Poul; Fischer-Rasmussen, Torsten

doi:10.1016/s1050-6411(02)00018-4

Cited by 76 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…48 Some investigators believe that the ability to withstand such loads without rupture during extension of the knee is due to activation of an ACL-hamstring reflex arc and subsequent contraction of the hamstrings muscles that counterbalances the forces of the quadriceps on the tibia and prevents the rupture of the ACL. 35 This reflex arc is destroyed during the severing of the ACL and is usually not reinnervated with patellar or hamstring tendon grafts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Engineered Bone–Ligament–Bone Constructs for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Replacement

Smietana

Kostrominova

et al. 2012

Tissue Engineering Part A

114

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The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), a major stabilizer of the knee, is commonly injured. Because of its intrinsic poor healing ability, a torn ACL is usually reconstructed by a graft. We developed a multi-phasic, or boneligament-bone, tissue-engineered construct for ACL grafts using bone marrow stromal cells and sheep as a model system. After 6 months in vivo, the constructs increased in cross section and exhibited a well-organized microstructure, native bone integration, a functional enthesis, vascularization, innervation, increased collagen content, and structural alignment. The constructs increased in stiffness to 52% of the tangent modulus and 95% of the geometric stiffness of native ACL. The viscoelastic response of the explants was virtually indistinguishable from that of adult ACL. These results suggest that our constructs after implantation can obtain physiologically relevant structural and functional characteristics comparable to those of adult ACL. They present a viable option for ACL replacement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Engineered Bone–Ligament–Bone Constructs for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Replacement

Smietana

Kostrominova

et al. 2012

Tissue Engineering Part A

114

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“…The role of the receptors located in the ACL and the joint capsule regarding joint proprioception has been clearly shown in recent studies [7,12,15]. Furthermore, existence of a reflex arc was described between the ACL and the hamstring muscles [5,12,13,17]. Traumatic meniscal injuries are known to be formed by a trapping mechanism of menisci between femoral condyles and tibial plateau during a twisting movement in flexion or extension of the knee [4,11,15,16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible reflex pathway between medial meniscus and semimembranosus muscle: an experimental study in rabbits

Akgün

Kocaoğlu

Orhan

et al. 2008

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthr

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Meniscus is a well innervated tissue with four types of receptors. These receptors are mainly concentrated at the anterior and posterior horns. Although they are intended to be a part in reflex arc, this function has not been thoroughly evaluated. We hypothesized that electrical stimulation of the normal meniscus would elicit electromyographic activity of the hamstring muscle via the reflex arc. Five adult domestic male rabbits were used in this study. Under general anesthesia, knee arthrotomy and thigh dissection were done to expose medial meniscus and semimembranosus muscle. Menisci were stimulated by Teflon-coated bipolar needle electrodes. Needles were placed in the posterior horn of the medial menisci. Two Teflon-coated monopolar needle electrodes were placed in semimembranosus muscle. A four-channel electromyograph was used for recording. Two different potentials were recorded from the target muscle. The first response had a very short distal latency and its amplitude was changing in accordance with the strength of the stimulus, suggesting that this response was being elicited by direct muscle stimulation. The second delayed response with less amplitude also appeared in some traces. The latency and the amplitude of this second response were fairly stable stating that this delayed response was being generated by a reflex pathway and seen in all subjects.

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“…Sta bil ność sta wu ko la no we go za pew nia na przez struk tu ry bier ne zwy kle jest wy star cza ją ca, gdy na staw dzia ła ją si ły sto sun ko wo ma łe. Jed nak w przypad ku znacz nych ob cią żeń, wy trzy ma łość me chanicz na tych struk tur mo że być nie wy star cza ją ca i w ce lu za pew nie nia sta bil no ści wy ma ga ne jest zaan ga żo wa nie czyn ne go ukła du ru chu [1,2].…”

Section: Wstępunclassified

“…Passive structures usually suffice to maintain stability if the forces acting on the knee are relatively weak. However, their mechanical properties may not be sufficient to resist a conside rable load, in which case the active musculoskeletal system becomes involved [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment ofneuromuscular controlin patients afteranterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Bączkowicz

Skomudek²

2013

Ortop Traumatol Rehabil

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STRESZCZENIEWstęp. Wię za dło krzy żo we przed nie (ACL) na le ży do naj wa żniej szych struk tur sta bi li zu ją cych staw ko la no wy, a je go pod sta wo wą funk cją jest ogra ni cza nie przed niej trans la cji pisz cze li w sto sun ku do ko ści udo wej. ACL jed nak nie jest je dy nie me cha nicz nym ogra nicz ni kiem ru chu, lecz sta no wi wa żny kom po nent ukła du sen so mo to rycz ne go. Dla te go ce lem ni niej szej pra cy jest oce na kon tro li ner wo wo -mię śnio wej u osób po za bie gu re kon struk cji ACL, w opar ciu o prze bieg pro ce su utrzy my wa nia rów no wa gi dy na micz nej.Ma te riał i me to dy. Ba da nia mi ob ję to 26 oso bo wą gru pę (ACLR) o śred niej wie ku 28,4±6,3 lat, po prze by tym za bie gu ar tro sko po wej re kon struk cji ACL w okre sie 11-13 mie się cy przed ba da niem. Gru pę kon tro l ną (CTRL) stano wi ła 37 oso bo wa gru pa osób zdro wych. W ba da niach za sto so wa no sys tem Bio dex Ba lan ce Sys tem SD. Za da niem ba da nych osób by ło utrzy ma nie po zy cji sto ją cej obu nóż oraz jed no nóż na nie sta bil nym pod ło żu.Wy ni ki. Kon tro la sta bil no ści w po sta wie obu nóż w gru pie ACLR cha rak te ry zo wa ła się więk szy mi war to ścia mi cał ko wi te go in dek su sta bil no ści w sto sun ku do gru py CTRL (6,53±2,04 i 5,27±1,42, p<0,05). Ta kże war to ści ob serwo wa nych pa ra me trów w sta niu jed no nóż na koń czy nie ope ro wa nej by ły w gru pie ACLR istot nie więk sze niż w grupie kon tro l nej, od po wied nio 9,73±2,55 i 7,23±1,48 dla koń czy ny do mi nu ją cej, 9,42±2,38 i 5,64±1,51 dla koń czy ny nie do mi nu ją cej przy p<0,05.Wnio sek. W okre sie ro ku od wy ko na ne go za bie gu re kon struk cji ACL, pod czas wy ko ny wa nia za dań ru cho wych wy ma ga ją cych znacz ne go za an ga żo wa nia ukła du sen so mo to rycz ne go, wi docz ne są istot ne de fi cy ty w kon tro li nerwo wo -mię śnio wej.Słowa kluczowe: ACL, sensomotoryka, propriocepcja, równowaga, stabilność posturalna SUMMARY Background. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the most important stabilisers of the knee joint. The key role of ACL is to resist anterior translation of the tibia in relation to the femur. At the same time, ACL does not only perform a mechanical limiting function, but is also an important component of the sensorimotor system. The aim of this study was to assess neuromuscular control in patients after ACL reconstruction by evaluating the maintenance of dynamic balance.Material and methods. Twenty-six patients (aged 28.4±6.3 years) after ACL reconstruction (ACLR group) were enrolled. All patients had undergone arthroscopic reconstruction of ACL, and were recruited to the study 11-13 months after the surgery. Thirty-seven healthy individuals served as a control group (CTRL). The maintenance of the single-leg and two-leg standing position on an unstable surface was assessed using the Biodex Balance System SD.Results. The ACLR group differed from the control group in the values of the overall stability index (p<0.05; 6.53±2.04, and 5.27±1.42, respectively) when stabi...

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Cruciate ligament reflexes

Cited by 76 publications

References 28 publications

Three-Dimensional Engineered Bone–Ligament–Bone Constructs for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Replacement

Three-Dimensional Engineered Bone–Ligament–Bone Constructs for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Replacement

Possible reflex pathway between medial meniscus and semimembranosus muscle: an experimental study in rabbits

Assessment ofneuromuscular controlin patients afteranterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

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